feat: three-tier context lifecycle (grace → suspended → reaped)

Contexts that lose their SSE connection now pass through a suspended
state before being fully reaped. Suspended contexts keep their shell
(ID, route, CSRF token) but free page resources. On reconnect, the
page init function is re-run for a seamless resume. Contexts past
the TTL trigger a client-side reload instead of a silent dead page.

Configurable via ContextSuspendAfter (default 15m) and ContextTTL
(default 1h).

.gitignore

@@ -47,3 +47,8 @@ internal/examples/picocss/picocss
 internal/examples/plugins/plugins
 internal/examples/realtimechart/realtimechart
 internal/examples/shakespeare/shakespeare
+internal/examples/nats-chatroom/nats-chatroom
+/nats-chatroom
+
+# NATS data directory
+data/

README.md

@@ -1,30 +1,33 @@
-# ⚡Via
+# Via
+
 Real-time engine for building reactive web applications in pure Go.
 
-
 ## Why Via?
-Somewhere along the way, the web became tangled in layers of JavaScript, build chains, and frameworks stacked on frameworks.
 
-Via takes a radical stance:
+The web became tangled in layers of JavaScript, build chains, and frameworks stacked on frameworks. Via takes a different path.
 
-- No templates.
-- No JavaScript.
-- No transpilation.
-- No hydration.
-- No front-end fatigue.
-- Single SSE stream.
-- Full reactivity.
-- Built-in Brotli compression.
-- Pure Go.
+**Philosophy**
+- No templates. No JavaScript. No transpilation. No hydration.
+- Views are pure Go functions. HTML is composed with a type-safe DSL.
+- A single SSE stream carries all reactivity — no WebSocket juggling, no polling.
 
+**Batteries included**
+- Automatic CSRF protection on every action call
+- Token-bucket rate limiting (global defaults + per-action overrides)
+- Cookie-based sessions backed by SQLite
+- Pub/sub messaging with an embedded NATS backend
+- Structured logging via zerolog
+- Graceful shutdown with context draining
+- Brotli compression out of the box
 
 ## Example
+
 ```go
 package main
 
 import (
-	"github.com/go-via/via"
-	"github.com/go-via/via/h"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
 )
 
 type Counter struct{ Count int }
@@ -57,25 +60,43 @@ func main() {
 }
 ```
 
+## What's built in
 
-## 🚧 Experimental
-<s>Via is still a newborn.</s> Via is taking its first steps!
-- Version `0.1.0` released.
-- Expect a little less chaos.
+- **Reactive views + signals** — bind state to the DOM; changes push over SSE automatically
+- **Components** — self-contained subcontexts with their own data, actions, and signals
+- **Sessions** — cookie-based, backed by SQLite via `scs`
+- **Pub/sub** — embedded NATS server with JetStream; generic `Publish[T]` / `Subscribe[T]` helpers
+- **CSRF protection** — automatic token generation and validation on every action
+- **Rate limiting** — token-bucket algorithm, configurable globally and per-action
+- **Event handling** — `OnClick`, `OnChange`, `OnSubmit`, `OnInput`, `OnFocus`, `OnBlur`, `OnMouseEnter`, `OnMouseLeave`, `OnScroll`, `OnDblClick`, `OnKeyDown`, and `OnKeyDownMap` for multi-key bindings
+- **Timed routines** — `OnInterval` auto-starts a ticker goroutine, returns a stop function, tied to context lifecycle
+- **Redirects** — `Redirect`, `ReplaceURL`, and format-string variants
+- **Plugin system** — `func(v *V)` hooks for integrating CSS/JS libraries
+- **Structured logging** — zerolog with configurable levels; console output in dev, JSON in production
+- **Graceful shutdown** — listens for SIGINT/SIGTERM, drains contexts, closes pub/sub
+- **Context lifecycle** — background reaper cleans up disconnected contexts; configurable TTL
+- **HTML DSL** — the `h` package provides type-safe Go-native HTML composition
+
+## Examples
+
+The `internal/examples/` directory contains 14 runnable examples:
+
+`chatroom` · `counter` · `countercomp` · `greeter` · `keyboard` · `livereload` · `nats-chatroom` · `pathparams` · `picocss` · `plugins` · `pubsub-crud` · `realtimechart` · `session` · `shakespeare`
+
+## Experimental
+
+Via is maturing — sessions, CSRF, rate limiting, pub/sub, and graceful shutdown are in place — but the API is still evolving. Expect breaking changes before `v1`.
 
 ## Contributing
+
 - Via is intentionally minimal and opinionated — and so is contributing.
-- If you love Go, simplicity, and meaningful abstractions — Come along for the ride!
-- Fork, branch, build, tinker with things, submit a pull request.
+- Fork, branch, build, tinker, submit a pull request.
 - Keep every line purposeful.
 - Share feedback: open an issue or start a discussion.
 
-
 ## Credits
 
-Via builds upon the work of these amazing projects:
+Via builds upon the work of these projects:
 
-- 🚀 [Datastar](https://data-star.dev) - The hypermedia powerhouse at the core of Via. It powers browser reactivity through Signals and enables real-time HTML/Signal patches over an always-on SSE event stream.
-- 🧩 [Gomponents](https://maragu.dev/gomponents) - The awesome project that gifts Via with Go-native HTML composition superpowers through the `via/h` package.
-
-> Thank you for building something that doesn’t just function — it inspires. 🫶
+- [Datastar](https://data-star.dev) — the hypermedia framework powering browser reactivity through signals and real-time HTML patches over SSE.
+- [Gomponents](https://maragu.dev/gomponents) — Go-native HTML composition that powers the `via/h` package.

actiontrigger.go

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"strconv"
 
-	"github.com/go-via/via/h"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
 )
 
 // actionTrigger represents a trigger to an event handler fn
@@ -18,9 +18,11 @@ type ActionTriggerOption interface {
 }
 
 type triggerOpts struct {
-	hasSignal bool
-	signalID  string
-	value     string
+	hasSignal      bool
+	signalID       string
+	value          string
+	window         bool
+	preventDefault bool
 }
 
 type withSignalOpt struct {
@@ -34,6 +36,28 @@ func (o withSignalOpt) apply(opts *triggerOpts) {
 	opts.value = o.value
 }
 
+type withWindowOpt struct{}
+
+func (o withWindowOpt) apply(opts *triggerOpts) {
+	opts.window = true
+}
+
+// WithWindow makes the event listener attach to the window instead of the element.
+func WithWindow() ActionTriggerOption {
+	return withWindowOpt{}
+}
+
+type withPreventDefaultOpt struct{}
+
+func (o withPreventDefaultOpt) apply(opts *triggerOpts) {
+	opts.preventDefault = true
+}
+
+// WithPreventDefault calls evt.preventDefault() for matched keys.
+func WithPreventDefault() ActionTriggerOption {
+	return withPreventDefaultOpt{}
+}
+
 // WithSignal sets a signal value before triggering the action.
 func WithSignal(sig *signal, value string) ActionTriggerOption {
 	return withSignalOpt{
@@ -54,7 +78,7 @@ func buildOnExpr(base string, opts *triggerOpts) string {
 	if !opts.hasSignal {
 		return base
 	}
-	return fmt.Sprintf("$%s=%s;%s", opts.signalID, opts.value, base)
+	return fmt.Sprintf("$%s=%s,%s", opts.signalID, opts.value, base)
 }
 
 func applyOptions(options ...ActionTriggerOption) triggerOpts {
@@ -83,6 +107,54 @@ func (a *actionTrigger) OnChange(options ...ActionTriggerOption) h.H {
 	return h.Data("on:change__debounce.200ms", buildOnExpr(actionURL(a.id), &opts))
 }
 
+// OnSubmit returns a via.h DOM attribute that triggers on form submit.
+func (a *actionTrigger) OnSubmit(options ...ActionTriggerOption) h.H {
+	opts := applyOptions(options...)
+	return h.Data("on:submit", buildOnExpr(actionURL(a.id), &opts))
+}
+
+// OnInput returns a via.h DOM attribute that triggers on input (without debounce).
+func (a *actionTrigger) OnInput(options ...ActionTriggerOption) h.H {
+	opts := applyOptions(options...)
+	return h.Data("on:input", buildOnExpr(actionURL(a.id), &opts))
+}
+
+// OnFocus returns a via.h DOM attribute that triggers when the element gains focus.
+func (a *actionTrigger) OnFocus(options ...ActionTriggerOption) h.H {
+	opts := applyOptions(options...)
+	return h.Data("on:focus", buildOnExpr(actionURL(a.id), &opts))
+}
+
+// OnBlur returns a via.h DOM attribute that triggers when the element loses focus.
+func (a *actionTrigger) OnBlur(options ...ActionTriggerOption) h.H {
+	opts := applyOptions(options...)
+	return h.Data("on:blur", buildOnExpr(actionURL(a.id), &opts))
+}
+
+// OnMouseEnter returns a via.h DOM attribute that triggers when the mouse enters the element.
+func (a *actionTrigger) OnMouseEnter(options ...ActionTriggerOption) h.H {
+	opts := applyOptions(options...)
+	return h.Data("on:mouseenter", buildOnExpr(actionURL(a.id), &opts))
+}
+
+// OnMouseLeave returns a via.h DOM attribute that triggers when the mouse leaves the element.
+func (a *actionTrigger) OnMouseLeave(options ...ActionTriggerOption) h.H {
+	opts := applyOptions(options...)
+	return h.Data("on:mouseleave", buildOnExpr(actionURL(a.id), &opts))
+}
+
+// OnScroll returns a via.h DOM attribute that triggers on scroll.
+func (a *actionTrigger) OnScroll(options ...ActionTriggerOption) h.H {
+	opts := applyOptions(options...)
+	return h.Data("on:scroll", buildOnExpr(actionURL(a.id), &opts))
+}
+
+// OnDblClick returns a via.h DOM attribute that triggers on double click.
+func (a *actionTrigger) OnDblClick(options ...ActionTriggerOption) h.H {
+	opts := applyOptions(options...)
+	return h.Data("on:dblclick", buildOnExpr(actionURL(a.id), &opts))
+}
+
 // OnKeyDown returns a via.h DOM attribute that triggers when a key is pressed.
 // key: optional, see https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/KeyboardEvent/key
 // Example: OnKeyDown("Enter")
@@ -92,5 +164,49 @@ func (a *actionTrigger) OnKeyDown(key string, options ...ActionTriggerOption) h.
 	if key != "" {
 		condition = fmt.Sprintf("evt.key==='%s' &&", key)
 	}
-	return h.Data("on:keydown", fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", condition, buildOnExpr(actionURL(a.id), &opts)))
+	attrName := "on:keydown"
+	if opts.window {
+		attrName = "on:keydown__window"
+	}
+	return h.Data(attrName, fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", condition, buildOnExpr(actionURL(a.id), &opts)))
+}
+
+// KeyBinding pairs a key with an action and per-binding options.
+type KeyBinding struct {
+	Key     string
+	Action  *actionTrigger
+	Options []ActionTriggerOption
+}
+
+// KeyBind creates a KeyBinding for use with OnKeyDownMap.
+func KeyBind(key string, action *actionTrigger, options ...ActionTriggerOption) KeyBinding {
+	return KeyBinding{Key: key, Action: action, Options: options}
+}
+
+// OnKeyDownMap produces a single window-scoped keydown attribute that dispatches
+// to different actions based on the pressed key. Each binding can reference a
+// different action and carry its own signal/preventDefault options.
+func OnKeyDownMap(bindings ...KeyBinding) h.H {
+	if len(bindings) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	expr := ""
+	for i, b := range bindings {
+		opts := applyOptions(b.Options...)
+
+		branch := ""
+		if opts.preventDefault {
+			branch = "evt.preventDefault(),"
+		}
+		branch += buildOnExpr(actionURL(b.Action.id), &opts)
+
+		if i > 0 {
+			expr += " : "
+		}
+		expr += fmt.Sprintf("evt.key==='%s' ? (%s)", b.Key, branch)
+	}
+	expr += " : void 0"
+
+	return h.Data("on:keydown__window", expr)
 }

configuration.go

@@ -1,26 +1,19 @@
 package via
 
-import "github.com/alexedwards/scs/v2"
+import (
+	"time"
 
-// DatastarConfig configures a custom Datastar.js script.
-type DatastarConfig struct {
-	// Content is the Datastar.js script content.
-	// If nil, the embedded default is used.
-	Content []byte
+	"github.com/alexedwards/scs/v2"
+	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
+)
 
-	// Path is the URL path where the script is served.
-	// Defaults to "/_datastar.js" if empty.
-	Path string
-}
+func ptr(l zerolog.Level) *zerolog.Level { return &l }
 
-type LogLevel int
-
-const (
-	undefined LogLevel = iota
-	LogLevelError
-	LogLevelWarn
-	LogLevelInfo
-	LogLevelDebug
+var (
+	LogLevelDebug = ptr(zerolog.DebugLevel)
+	LogLevelInfo  = ptr(zerolog.InfoLevel)
+	LogLevelWarn  = ptr(zerolog.WarnLevel)
+	LogLevelError = ptr(zerolog.ErrorLevel)
 )
 
 // Plugin is a func that can mutate the given *via.V app runtime. It is useful to integrate popular JS/CSS UI libraries or tools.
@@ -34,9 +27,12 @@ type Options struct {
 	// The http server address. e.g. ':3000'
 	ServerAddress string
 
-	// Level of the logs to write to stdout.
-	// Options: Error, Warn, Info, Debug.
-	LogLvl LogLevel
+	// LogLevel sets the minimum log level. nil keeps the default (Info).
+	LogLevel *zerolog.Level
+
+	// Logger overrides the default logger entirely. When set, LogLevel and
+	// DevMode have no effect on logging.
+	Logger *zerolog.Logger
 
 	// The title of the HTML document.
 	DocumentTitle string
@@ -49,7 +45,30 @@ type Options struct {
 	// passing it (lifetime, cookie settings, store, etc).
 	SessionManager *scs.SessionManager
 
-	// Datastar configures a custom Datastar.js script.
-	// If nil, Via uses its embedded default.
-	Datastar *DatastarConfig
+	// DatastarContent is the Datastar.js script content.
+	// If nil, the embedded default is used.
+	DatastarContent []byte
+
+	// DatastarPath is the URL path where the script is served.
+	// Defaults to "/_datastar.js" if empty.
+	DatastarPath string
+
+	// PubSub enables publish/subscribe messaging. Use vianats.New() for an
+	// embedded NATS backend, or supply any PubSub implementation.
+	PubSub PubSub
+
+	// ContextSuspendAfter is the time a context may be disconnected before
+	// the reaper suspends it (frees page resources but keeps the context
+	// shell for seamless re-init on reconnect). Default: 15m.
+	ContextSuspendAfter time.Duration
+
+	// ContextTTL is the maximum time a context may exist without an SSE
+	// connection before the background reaper fully disposes it.
+	// Default: 1h. Negative value disables the reaper.
+	ContextTTL time.Duration
+
+	// ActionRateLimit configures the default token-bucket rate limiter for
+	// action endpoints. Zero values use built-in defaults (10 req/s, burst 20).
+	// Set Rate to -1 to disable rate limiting entirely.
+	ActionRateLimit RateLimitConfig
 }

context.go

@@ -5,13 +5,14 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
-	"log"
-	"maps"
 	"reflect"
+	"strings"
 	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/go-via/via/h"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
+	"golang.org/x/time/rate"
 )
 
 // Context is the living bridge between Go and the browser.
@@ -20,17 +21,28 @@ import (
 type Context struct {
 	id                string
 	route             string
+	csrfToken         string
 	app               *V
 	view              func() h.H
 	routeParams       map[string]string
-	componentRegistry map[string]*Context
-	parentPageCtx     *Context
+	parentPageCtx *Context
 	patchChan         chan patch
-	actionRegistry    map[string]func()
+	actionLimiter     *rate.Limiter
+	actionRegistry    map[string]actionEntry
 	signals           *sync.Map
 	mu                sync.RWMutex
+	navMu             sync.Mutex
 	ctxDisposedChan   chan struct{}
+	pageStopChan      chan struct{}
 	reqCtx            context.Context
+	fields            []*Field
+	subscriptions     []Subscription
+	subsMu            sync.Mutex
+	disposeOnce       sync.Once
+	createdAt           time.Time
+	sseConnected        atomic.Bool
+	sseDisconnectedAt   atomic.Pointer[time.Time]
+	suspended           atomic.Bool
 }
 
 // View defines the UI rendered by this context.
@@ -41,7 +53,11 @@ func (c *Context) View(f func() h.H) {
 	if f == nil {
 		panic("nil viewfn")
 	}
-	c.view = func() h.H { return h.Div(h.ID(c.id), f()) }
+	if c.app.layout != nil {
+		c.view = func() h.H { return h.Div(h.ID(c.id), c.app.layout(f)) }
+	} else {
+		c.view = func() h.H { return h.Div(h.ID(c.id), f()) }
+	}
 }
 
 // Component registers a subcontext that has self contained data, actions and signals.
@@ -73,7 +89,6 @@ func (c *Context) Component(initCtx func(c *Context)) func() h.H {
 		compCtx.parentPageCtx = c
 	}
 	initCtx(compCtx)
-	c.componentRegistry[id] = compCtx
 	return compCtx.view
 }
 
@@ -98,39 +113,46 @@ func (c *Context) isComponent() bool {
 //		 	 	h.Button(h.Text("Increment n"), increment.OnClick()),
 //		 )
 //	})
-func (c *Context) Action(f func()) *actionTrigger {
+func (c *Context) Action(f func(), opts ...ActionOption) *actionTrigger {
 	id := genRandID()
 	if f == nil {
 		c.app.logErr(c, "failed to bind action '%s' to context: nil func", id)
 		return nil
 	}
 
+	entry := actionEntry{fn: f}
+	for _, opt := range opts {
+		opt(&entry)
+	}
+
 	if c.isComponent() {
-		c.parentPageCtx.actionRegistry[id] = f
+		c.parentPageCtx.actionRegistry[id] = entry
 	} else {
-		c.actionRegistry[id] = f
+		c.actionRegistry[id] = entry
 	}
 	return &actionTrigger{id}
 }
 
-func (c *Context) getActionFn(id string) (func(), error) {
-	if f, ok := c.actionRegistry[id]; ok {
-		return f, nil
+func (c *Context) getAction(id string) (actionEntry, error) {
+	if e, ok := c.actionRegistry[id]; ok {
+		return e, nil
 	}
-	return nil, fmt.Errorf("action '%s' not found", id)
+	return actionEntry{}, fmt.Errorf("action '%s' not found", id)
 }
 
-// OnInterval starts a go routine that sets a time.Ticker with the given duration and executes
-// the given handler func() on every tick. Use *Routine.UpdateInterval to update the interval.
-func (c *Context) OnInterval(duration time.Duration, handler func()) *OnIntervalRoutine {
-	var cn chan struct{}
-	if c.isComponent() { // components use the chan on the parent page ctx
-		cn = c.parentPageCtx.ctxDisposedChan
+// OnInterval starts a goroutine that executes handler on every tick of the given duration.
+// The goroutine is tied to the context lifecycle and will stop when the context is disposed.
+// Returns a func() that stops the interval when called.
+func (c *Context) OnInterval(duration time.Duration, handler func()) func() {
+	var disposeCh, pageCh chan struct{}
+	if c.isComponent() {
+		disposeCh = c.parentPageCtx.ctxDisposedChan
+		pageCh = c.parentPageCtx.pageStopChan
 	} else {
-		cn = c.ctxDisposedChan
+		disposeCh = c.ctxDisposedChan
+		pageCh = c.pageStopChan
 	}
-	r := newOnIntervalRoutine(cn, duration, handler)
-	return r
+	return newOnInterval(disposeCh, pageCh, duration, handler)
 }
 
 // Signal creates a reactive signal and initializes it with the given value.
@@ -195,14 +217,14 @@ func (c *Context) injectSignals(sigs map[string]any) {
 	defer c.mu.Unlock()
 
 	for sigID, val := range sigs {
-		if _, ok := c.signals.Load(sigID); !ok {
+		item, ok := c.signals.Load(sigID)
+		if !ok {
 			c.signals.Store(sigID, &signal{
 				id:  sigID,
 				val: val,
 			})
 			continue
 		}
-		item, _ := c.signals.Load(sigID)
 		if sig, ok := item.(*signal); ok {
 			sig.val = val
 			sig.changed = false
@@ -253,15 +275,22 @@ func (c *Context) sendPatch(p patch) {
 // Sync pushes the current view state and signal changes to the browser immediately
 // over the live SSE event stream.
 func (c *Context) Sync() {
-	elemsPatch := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0))
+	c.syncView(false)
+}
+
+func (c *Context) syncView(viewTransition bool) {
+	elemsPatch := new(bytes.Buffer)
 	if err := c.view().Render(elemsPatch); err != nil {
 		c.app.logErr(c, "sync view failed: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
-	c.sendPatch(patch{patchTypeElements, elemsPatch.String()})
+	typ := patchType(patchTypeElements)
+	if viewTransition {
+		typ = patchTypeElementsWithVT
+	}
+	c.sendPatch(patch{typ, elemsPatch.String()})
 
 	updatedSigs := c.prepareSignalsForPatch()
-
 	if len(updatedSigs) != 0 {
 		outgoingSigs, _ := json.Marshal(updatedSigs)
 		c.sendPatch(patch{patchTypeSignals, string(outgoingSigs)})
@@ -318,6 +347,15 @@ func (c *Context) ExecScript(s string) {
 	c.sendPatch(patch{patchTypeScript, s})
 }
 
+// RedirectView sets a view that redirects the browser to the given URL.
+// Use this in middleware to abort the chain and redirect in one step.
+func (c *Context) RedirectView(url string) {
+	c.View(func() h.H {
+		c.Redirect(url)
+		return h.Div()
+	})
+}
+
 // Redirect navigates the browser to the given URL.
 // This triggers a full page navigation - the current context will be disposed
 // and a new context created at the destination URL.
@@ -349,11 +387,70 @@ func (c *Context) ReplaceURLf(format string, a ...any) {
 	c.ReplaceURL(fmt.Sprintf(format, a...))
 }
 
-// stopAllRoutines stops all go routines tied to this Context preventing goroutine leaks.
+// resetPageState tears down page-specific state (intervals, subscriptions,
+// actions, signals, fields) without disposing the context itself. The SSE
+// connection and context lifetime are unaffected.
+func (c *Context) resetPageState() {
+	close(c.pageStopChan)
+	c.unsubscribeAll()
+	c.mu.Lock()
+	c.actionRegistry = make(map[string]actionEntry)
+	c.signals = new(sync.Map)
+	c.fields = nil
+	c.pageStopChan = make(chan struct{})
+	c.mu.Unlock()
+}
+
+// suspend frees page-scoped resources while keeping the context shell alive
+// in the registry for seamless re-init on reconnect.
+func (c *Context) suspend() {
+	c.resetPageState()
+	c.suspended.Store(true)
+}
+
+// Navigate performs an SPA navigation to the given path. It resets page state,
+// runs the target page's init function (with middleware), and pushes the new
+// view over the existing SSE connection with a view transition animation.
+// If popstate is true, replaceState is used instead of pushState.
+func (c *Context) Navigate(path string, popstate bool) {
+	c.navMu.Lock()
+	defer c.navMu.Unlock()
+
+	route, initFn, params := c.app.matchRoute(path)
+	if initFn == nil {
+		c.Redirect(path)
+		return
+	}
+	c.resetPageState()
+	c.route = route
+	c.injectRouteParams(params)
+	initFn(c)
+	c.syncView(true)
+	safe := strings.NewReplacer(`\`, `\\`, `'`, `\'`).Replace(path)
+	if popstate {
+		c.ExecScript(fmt.Sprintf("history.replaceState({},'','%s')", safe))
+	} else {
+		c.ExecScript(fmt.Sprintf("history.pushState({},'','%s')", safe))
+	}
+}
+
+// dispose idempotently tears down this context: unsubscribes all pubsub
+// subscriptions and closes ctxDisposedChan to stop routines and exit the SSE loop.
+func (c *Context) dispose() {
+	c.disposeOnce.Do(func() {
+		c.unsubscribeAll()
+		c.stopAllRoutines()
+	})
+}
+
+// stopAllRoutines closes ctxDisposedChan, broadcasting to all listening
+// goroutines (OnInterval, SSE loop) that this context is done.
 func (c *Context) stopAllRoutines() {
 	select {
-	case c.ctxDisposedChan <- struct{}{}:
+	case <-c.ctxDisposedChan:
+		// already closed
 	default:
+		close(c.ctxDisposedChan)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -361,12 +458,9 @@ func (c *Context) injectRouteParams(params map[string]string) {
 	if params == nil {
 		return
 	}
-	m := make(map[string]string)
 	c.mu.Lock()
 	defer c.mu.Unlock()
-	maps.Copy(m, params)
-	c.routeParams = m
-
+	c.routeParams = params
 }
 
 // GetPathParam retrieves the value from the page request URL for the given parameter name
@@ -403,20 +497,116 @@ func (c *Context) Session() *Session {
 	}
 }
 
+// Publish sends data to the given subject via the configured PubSub backend.
+// Returns an error if no PubSub is configured. No-ops during panic-check init.
+func (c *Context) Publish(subject string, data []byte) error {
+	if c.id == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if c.app.pubsub == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("pubsub not configured")
+	}
+	return c.app.pubsub.Publish(subject, data)
+}
+
+// Subscribe creates a subscription on the configured PubSub backend.
+// The subscription is tracked for automatic cleanup when the context is disposed.
+// Returns an error if no PubSub is configured. No-ops during panic-check init.
+func (c *Context) Subscribe(subject string, handler func(data []byte)) (Subscription, error) {
+	if c.id == "" {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	if c.app.pubsub == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("pubsub not configured")
+	}
+	sub, err := c.app.pubsub.Subscribe(subject, handler)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// Track on page context for cleanup (components use parent, like signals/actions)
+	target := c
+	if c.isComponent() {
+		target = c.parentPageCtx
+	}
+	target.subsMu.Lock()
+	target.subscriptions = append(target.subscriptions, sub)
+	target.subsMu.Unlock()
+	return sub, nil
+}
+
+// unsubscribeAll cleans up all tracked subscriptions for this context and its components.
+func (c *Context) unsubscribeAll() {
+	c.subsMu.Lock()
+	subs := c.subscriptions
+	c.subscriptions = nil
+	c.subsMu.Unlock()
+	for _, sub := range subs {
+		sub.Unsubscribe()
+	}
+}
+
+// Field creates a signal with validation rules attached.
+// The initial value seeds both the signal and the reset target.
+// The field is tracked on the context so ValidateAll/ResetFields
+// can operate on all fields by default.
+func (c *Context) Field(initial any, rules ...Rule) *Field {
+	f := &Field{
+		signal:     c.Signal(initial),
+		rules:      rules,
+		initialVal: initial,
+	}
+	target := c
+	if c.isComponent() {
+		target = c.parentPageCtx
+	}
+	target.fields = append(target.fields, f)
+	return f
+}
+
+// ValidateAll runs Validate on each field, returning true only if all pass.
+// With no arguments it validates every field tracked on this context.
+func (c *Context) ValidateAll(fields ...*Field) bool {
+	if len(fields) == 0 {
+		fields = c.fields
+	}
+	ok := true
+	for _, f := range fields {
+		if !f.Validate() {
+			ok = false
+		}
+	}
+	return ok
+}
+
+// ResetFields resets each field to its initial value and clears errors.
+// With no arguments it resets every field tracked on this context.
+func (c *Context) ResetFields(fields ...*Field) {
+	if len(fields) == 0 {
+		fields = c.fields
+	}
+	for _, f := range fields {
+		f.Reset()
+	}
+}
+
 func newContext(id string, route string, v *V) *Context {
 	if v == nil {
-		log.Fatal("create context failed: app pointer is nil")
+		panic("create context failed: app pointer is nil")
 	}
 
 	return &Context{
 		id:                id,
 		route:             route,
+		csrfToken:         genCSRFToken(),
 		routeParams:       make(map[string]string),
 		app:               v,
-		componentRegistry: make(map[string]*Context),
-		actionRegistry:    make(map[string]func()),
+		actionLimiter: newLimiter(v.actionRateLimit, defaultActionRate, defaultActionBurst),
+		actionRegistry:    make(map[string]actionEntry),
 		signals:           new(sync.Map),
-		patchChan:         make(chan patch, 1),
+		patchChan:         make(chan patch, 8),
 		ctxDisposedChan:   make(chan struct{}, 1),
+		pageStopChan:      make(chan struct{}),
+		createdAt:         time.Now(),
 	}
 }

docs/getting-started.md

@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+# Getting Started
+
+Via is a server-side reactive web framework for Go. The browser connects over SSE (Server-Sent Events), and all state lives on the server — signals, actions, and view rendering happen in Go. The browser is a thin display layer that Datastar keeps in sync via DOM morphing.
+
+## Core Loop
+
+Every Via app follows the same pattern:
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+    "github.com/ryanhamamura/via"
+    "github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
+)
+
+func main() {
+    v := via.New()
+
+    v.Config(via.Options{
+        DocumentTitle: "My App",
+    })
+
+    v.Page("/", func(c *via.Context) {
+        count := 0
+        step := c.Signal(1)
+
+        increment := c.Action(func() {
+            count += step.Int()
+            c.Sync()
+        })
+
+        c.View(func() h.H {
+            return h.Div(
+                h.P(h.Textf("Count: %d", count)),
+                h.Label(
+                    h.Text("Step: "),
+                    h.Input(h.Type("number"), step.Bind()),
+                ),
+                h.Button(h.Text("+"), increment.OnClick()),
+            )
+        })
+    })
+
+    v.Start()
+}
+```
+
+What happens:
+
+1. `via.New()` creates the app, starts an embedded NATS server, and registers internal routes (`/_sse`, `/_action/{id}`, `/_navigate`, `/_session/close`).
+2. `v.Config()` applies settings.
+3. `v.Page()` registers a route. The init function receives a `*Context` where you define signals, actions, and the view.
+4. `v.Start()` starts the HTTP server and blocks until SIGINT/SIGTERM.
+
+When a browser hits the page, Via creates a new `Context`, runs the init function, renders the full HTML document, and opens an SSE connection. From that point, every `c.Sync()` re-renders the view and pushes a DOM patch to the browser.
+
+## Configuration
+
+```go
+v.Config(via.Options{
+    DevMode:         true,
+    ServerAddress:   ":8080",
+    LogLevel:        via.LogLevelDebug,
+    DocumentTitle:   "My App",
+    Plugins:         []via.Plugin{MyPlugin},
+    SessionManager:  sm,
+    PubSub:          customBackend,
+    ContextTTL:      60 * time.Second,
+    ActionRateLimit: via.RateLimitConfig{Rate: 20, Burst: 40},
+})
+```
+
+| Field | Default | Description |
+|-------|---------|-------------|
+| `DevMode` | `false` | Enables context persistence across restarts, console logger, and Datastar inspector widget |
+| `ServerAddress` | `":3000"` | HTTP listen address |
+| `LogLevel` | `InfoLevel` | Minimum log level. Use `via.LogLevelDebug`, `LogLevelInfo`, `LogLevelWarn`, `LogLevelError` |
+| `Logger` | (auto) | Replace the default logger entirely. When set, `LogLevel` and `DevMode` have no effect on logging |
+| `DocumentTitle` | `"⚡ Via"` | The `<title>` of the HTML document |
+| `Plugins` | `nil` | Slice of plugin functions executed during `Config()` |
+| `SessionManager` | in-memory | Cookie-based session manager. See [PubSub and Sessions](pubsub-and-sessions.md) |
+| `DatastarContent` | (embedded) | Custom Datastar JS bytes |
+| `DatastarPath` | `"/_datastar.js"` | URL path for the Datastar script |
+| `PubSub` | embedded NATS | Custom PubSub backend. Replaces the default NATS. See [PubSub and Sessions](pubsub-and-sessions.md) |
+| `ContextTTL` | `30s` | Max time a context survives without an SSE connection before cleanup. Negative value disables the reaper |
+| `ActionRateLimit` | `10 req/s, burst 20` | Default token-bucket rate limiter for action endpoints. Rate of `-1` disables limiting |
+
+## Static Files
+
+Serve files from a directory:
+
+```go
+v.Static("/assets/", "./static")
+```
+
+Or from an embedded filesystem:
+
+```go
+//go:embed static
+var staticFS embed.FS
+
+v.StaticFS("/assets/", staticFS)
+```
+
+Both disable directory listing and return 404 for directory paths.
+
+## Head and Foot Injection
+
+Add elements to every page's `<head>` or end of `<body>`:
+
+```go
+v.AppendToHead(
+    h.Link(h.Rel("stylesheet"), h.Href("/assets/style.css")),
+    h.Meta(h.Attr("name", "viewport"), h.Attr("content", "width=device-width, initial-scale=1")),
+)
+
+v.AppendToFoot(
+    h.Script(h.Src("/assets/app.js")),
+)
+```
+
+These are additive and affect all pages globally.
+
+## Plugins
+
+A plugin is a `func(v *via.V)` that mutates the app during configuration — registering routes, injecting assets, or applying middleware.
+
+```go
+func PicoCSSPlugin(v *via.V) {
+    v.HTTPServeMux().HandleFunc("GET /css/pico.css", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+        w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/css")
+        w.Write(picoCSSBytes)
+    })
+    v.AppendToHead(h.Link(h.Rel("stylesheet"), h.Href("/css/pico.css")))
+}
+
+// Usage:
+v.Config(via.Options{
+    Plugins: []via.Plugin{PicoCSSPlugin},
+})
+```
+
+Plugins have full access to the `*V` public API: `HTTPServeMux()`, `AppendToHead()`, `AppendToFoot()`, `Config()`, etc.
+
+## DevMode
+
+Enable during development for a better feedback loop:
+
+```go
+v.Config(via.Options{DevMode: true})
+```
+
+What it does:
+
+- **Console logger** — Human-readable log output with timestamps.
+- **Context persistence** — Saves context-to-route mappings to `.via/devmode/ctx.json`. On server restart, reconnecting browsers restore their state instead of getting a blank page. Pair with [Air](https://github.com/air-verse/air) for hot-reloading.
+- **Datastar inspector** — Injects a widget showing live signal values and SSE activity.
+
+## Custom HTTP Handlers
+
+Access the underlying `*http.ServeMux` for custom routes:
+
+```go
+mux := v.HTTPServeMux()
+mux.HandleFunc("GET /api/health", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+    w.Write([]byte("ok"))
+})
+```
+
+Register custom handlers before calling `v.Start()`.
+
+## Next Steps
+
+- [State and Interactivity](state-and-interactivity.md) — Signals, actions, components, validation
+- [Routing and Navigation](routing-and-navigation.md) — Multi-page apps, middleware, SPA navigation
+- [PubSub and Sessions](pubsub-and-sessions.md) — Real-time messaging, persistent sessions
+- [HTML DSL](html-dsl.md) — The `h` package reference
+- [Project Structure](project-structure.md) — Organizing files as your app grows

docs/html-dsl.md

@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+# HTML DSL
+
+Reference for the `h` package — Via's HTML builder.
+
+## Overview
+
+The `h` package wraps [gomponents](https://github.com/maragudk/gomponents) with a single interface:
+
+```go
+type H interface {
+    Render(w io.Writer) error
+}
+```
+
+Every element, attribute, and text node implements `H`. Build HTML by nesting function calls:
+
+```go
+import "github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
+
+h.Div(h.Class("card"),
+    h.H2(h.Text("Title")),
+    h.P(h.Textf("Count: %d", count)),
+    h.Button(h.Text("Click"), action.OnClick()),
+)
+```
+
+For cleaner templates, use a dot import:
+
+```go
+import . "github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
+
+Div(Class("card"),
+    H2(Text("Title")),
+    P(Textf("Count: %d", count)),
+    Button(Text("Click"), action.OnClick()),
+)
+```
+
+## Text Nodes
+
+| Function | Description |
+|----------|-------------|
+| `Text(s)` | Escaped text node |
+| `Textf(fmt, args...)` | Escaped text with `fmt.Sprintf` |
+| `Raw(s)` | Unescaped raw HTML — use for trusted content like SVG |
+| `Rawf(fmt, args...)` | Unescaped raw HTML with `fmt.Sprintf` |
+
+## Elements
+
+Every element function takes `...H` children (elements, attributes, and text nodes mixed together) except `Style(v string)` and `Title(v string)` which take a single string.
+
+### Document structure
+
+`HTML`, `Head`, `Body`, `Main`, `Header`, `Footer`, `Section`, `Article`, `Aside`, `Nav`, `Div`, `Span`
+
+### Headings
+
+`H1`, `H2`, `H3`, `H4`, `H5`, `H6`
+
+### Text
+
+`P`, `A`, `Strong`, `Em`, `B`, `I`, `U`, `S`, `Small`, `Mark`, `Del`, `Ins`, `Sub`, `Sup`, `Abbr`, `Cite`, `Code`, `Pre`, `Samp`, `Kbd`, `Var`, `Q`, `BlockQuote`, `Dfn`, `Wbr`, `Br`, `Hr`
+
+### Forms
+
+`Form`, `Input`, `Textarea`, `Select`, `Option`, `OptGroup`, `Button`, `Label`, `FieldSet`, `Legend`, `DataList`, `Meter`, `Progress`
+
+### Tables
+
+`Table`, `THead`, `TBody`, `TFoot`, `Tr`, `Th`, `Td`, `Caption`, `Col`, `ColGroup`
+
+### Lists
+
+`Ul`, `Ol`, `Li`, `Dl`, `Dt`, `Dd`
+
+### Media
+
+`Img`, `Audio`, `Video`, `Source`, `Picture`, `Canvas`, `IFrame`, `Embed`, `Object`
+
+### Other
+
+`Details`, `Summary`, `Dialog`, `Template`, `NoScript`, `Figure`, `FigCaption`, `Address`, `Time`, `Base`, `Link`, `Meta`, `Script`, `Area`
+
+### Special signatures
+
+| Function | Signature | Notes |
+|----------|-----------|-------|
+| `Style(v)` | `func Style(v string) H` | Inline `style` attribute, not a container element |
+| `StyleEl(children...)` | `func StyleEl(children ...H) H` | The `<style>` element as a container |
+| `Title(v)` | `func Title(v string) H` | Sets `<title>` text |
+
+## Attributes
+
+### Generic
+
+```go
+Attr("name", "value")     // name="value"
+Attr("disabled")           // boolean attribute (no value)
+```
+
+`Attr` with no value produces a boolean attribute. With one value, it produces a name-value pair. More than one value panics.
+
+### Named helpers
+
+| Function | HTML output |
+|----------|-------------|
+| `ID(v)` | `id="v"` |
+| `Class(v)` | `class="v"` |
+| `Href(v)` | `href="v"` |
+| `Src(v)` | `src="v"` |
+| `Type(v)` | `type="v"` |
+| `Value(v)` | `value="v"` |
+| `Placeholder(v)` | `placeholder="v"` |
+| `Rel(v)` | `rel="v"` |
+| `Role(v)` | `role="v"` |
+| `Data(name, v)` | `data-name="v"` (auto-prefixes `data-`) |
+
+## Conditional Rendering
+
+```go
+h.If(showError, h.P(h.Class("error"), h.Text("Something went wrong")))
+```
+
+Returns the node when `true`, `nil` (renders nothing) when `false`.
+
+## Datastar Helpers
+
+These produce attributes used by Datastar for client-side reactivity.
+
+| Function | Output | Description |
+|----------|--------|-------------|
+| `DataInit(expr)` | `data-init="expr"` | Initialize client-side state |
+| `DataEffect(expr)` | `data-effect="expr"` | Reactive side effect expression |
+| `DataIgnoreMorph()` | `data-ignore-morph` | Skip this element during DOM morph. See [SPA Navigation](routing-and-navigation.md#dataignoremorph) |
+| `DataViewTransition(name)` | `style="view-transition-name: name"` | Animate element across SPA navigations. See [View Transitions](routing-and-navigation.md#view-transitions) |
+
+> `DataViewTransition` sets the entire `style` attribute. If you also need other inline styles, include `view-transition-name` directly in a `Style()` call.
+
+## Utilities
+
+### HTML5
+
+Full HTML5 document template:
+
+```go
+h.HTML5(h.HTML5Props{
+    Title:       "My Page",
+    Description: "Page description",
+    Language:    "en",
+    Head:        []h.H{h.Link(h.Rel("stylesheet"), h.Href("/style.css"))},
+    Body:        []h.H{h.Div(h.Text("Hello"))},
+})
+```
+
+Via uses this internally to render the initial page document. You typically don't need it directly.
+
+### JoinAttrs
+
+Joins attribute values from child nodes by spaces:
+
+```go
+h.JoinAttrs("class", h.Class("card"), h.Class("active"))
+// → class="card active"
+```

docs/project-structure.md

@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+# Project Structure
+
+Via's closure-based page model pulls signals, actions, and views into a single scope — similar to Svelte's single-file components. This works well at every scale, but the way you organize files should evolve as your app grows.
+
+## Stage 1: Everything in main.go
+
+For small apps and prototypes, keep everything in `main.go`. This is the right choice when your app is under ~150 lines or has a single page.
+
+Within the file, follow this ordering convention inside each page:
+
+```go
+v.Page("/", func(c *via.Context) {
+    // State — plain Go variables and signals
+    count := 0
+    step := c.Signal(1)
+
+    // Actions — event handlers that mutate state
+    increment := c.Action(func() {
+        count += step.Int()
+        c.Sync()
+    })
+
+    // View — returns the HTML tree
+    c.View(func() h.H {
+        return h.Div(
+            h.P(h.Textf("Count: %d", count)),
+            h.Button(h.Text("+"), increment.OnClick()),
+        )
+    })
+})
+```
+
+State → signals → actions → view. This reads top-to-bottom and matches the data flow: state is declared, actions mutate it, the view renders it.
+
+The [counter](../internal/examples/counter/main.go) and [greeter](../internal/examples/greeter/main.go) examples use this layout.
+
+## Stage 2: Page per file
+
+When `main.go` has multiple pages or exceeds ~150 lines, extract each page into its own file as a package-level function.
+
+`main.go` becomes the app skeleton — setup, configuration, routes, and start:
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+    "github.com/ryanhamamura/via"
+    "github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
+)
+
+func main() {
+    v := via.New()
+    v.Config(via.Options{
+        DocumentTitle: "My App",
+    })
+
+    v.AppendToHead(
+        h.Link(h.Rel("stylesheet"), h.Href("/css/pico.css")),
+    )
+
+    v.Page("/", HomePage)
+    v.Page("/chat", ChatPage)
+
+    v.Start()
+}
+```
+
+Each page lives in its own file with a descriptive name:
+
+```go
+// home.go
+package main
+
+import (
+    "github.com/ryanhamamura/via"
+    "github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
+)
+
+func HomePage(c *via.Context) {
+    greeting := c.Signal("Hello")
+
+    c.View(func() h.H {
+        return h.Div(h.P(h.Text(greeting.String())))
+    })
+}
+```
+
+Components follow the same pattern — keep them in the page file if single-use, or extract to their own file if reused across pages. Middleware goes in the same file as the route group it protects, or in `middleware.go` if shared.
+
+```
+myapp/
+├── main.go         # skeleton + routes
+├── home.go         # func HomePage(c *via.Context)
+├── chat.go         # func ChatPage(c *via.Context)
+└── middleware.go    # shared middleware
+```
+
+## Stage 3: Co-located CSS and shared types
+
+As pages accumulate custom styling, CSS strings in Go become hard to maintain — no syntax highlighting, no linting. Extract them to `.css` files alongside the pages they belong to and use `//go:embed` to load them.
+
+```go
+// main.go
+package main
+
+import "embed"
+
+//go:embed chat.css
+var chatCSS string
+
+func main() {
+    v := via.New()
+
+    v.AppendToHead(
+        h.Link(h.Rel("stylesheet"), h.Href("https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@picocss/pico@2/css/pico.min.css")),
+        h.StyleEl(h.Raw(chatCSS)),
+    )
+
+    // ...
+}
+```
+
+When multiple pages share the same structs, extract them to `types.go`. Framework-agnostic domain logic (helpers, dummy data, business rules) gets its own file too.
+
+```
+myapp/
+├── main.go         # skeleton + routes + global styles
+├── home.go
+├── chat.go
+├── chat.css        # //go:embed in main.go
+├── types.go        # shared types
+└── userdata.go     # helpers, dummy data
+```
+
+The [nats-chatroom](../internal/examples/nats-chatroom/) example demonstrates this layout.
+
+## CSS Approaches
+
+Via doesn't prescribe a CSS strategy. Two approaches work well:
+
+**CSS framework classes in Go code** — Use Pico, Tailwind, or similar. Classes go directly in the view via `h.Class()`. Good for rapid prototyping since there's nothing to extract.
+
+```go
+h.Div(h.Class("container"),
+    h.Button(h.Class("primary"), h.Text("Save")),
+)
+```
+
+**Co-located `.css` files with `//go:embed`** — Write plain CSS in a separate file, embed it, and inject via `AppendToHead`. You get syntax highlighting, linting, and clean separation.
+
+```go
+//go:embed chat.css
+var chatCSS string
+
+// in main():
+v.AppendToHead(h.StyleEl(h.Raw(chatCSS)))
+```
+
+Use a framework for quick prototypes and dashboards. Switch to co-located CSS files when you have significant custom styling or want tooling support.
+
+## Next Steps
+
+- [Getting Started](getting-started.md) — The core loop and configuration
+- [State and Interactivity](state-and-interactivity.md) — Signals, actions, components, validation

docs/pubsub-and-sessions.md

@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+# PubSub and Sessions
+
+Infrastructure for multi-user real-time communication and persistent state.
+
+## PubSub
+
+Via includes an embedded NATS server that starts automatically with `via.New()`. No external services required — pub/sub works out of the box.
+
+### Interface
+
+```go
+type PubSub interface {
+    Publish(subject string, data []byte) error
+    Subscribe(subject string, handler func(data []byte)) (Subscription, error)
+    Close() error
+}
+
+type Subscription interface {
+    Unsubscribe() error
+}
+```
+
+You can replace the default NATS with any backend implementing this interface via `Options.PubSub`.
+
+### Basic pub/sub
+
+```go
+// Subscribe to messages
+via.Subscribe(c, "chat.room.general", func(msg ChatMessage) {
+    messages = append(messages, msg)
+    c.Sync()
+})
+
+// Publish a message
+via.Publish(c, "chat.room.general", ChatMessage{
+    User:    username,
+    Message: text,
+    Time:    time.Now().UnixMilli(),
+})
+```
+
+The generic helpers `via.Publish[T]` and `via.Subscribe[T]` handle JSON marshaling/unmarshaling automatically. They are package-level functions (not methods) because Go doesn't support generic methods.
+
+Raw byte-level access is also available on the context:
+
+```go
+c.Publish("subject", []byte("raw data"))
+c.Subscribe("subject", func(data []byte) { /* ... */ })
+```
+
+### Auto-cleanup
+
+Subscriptions created via `c.Subscribe()` or `via.Subscribe()` are tracked on the context and automatically unsubscribed when:
+
+- The context is disposed (browser disconnects, tab closes)
+- SPA navigation moves to a different page
+
+You don't need to manually unsubscribe in normal usage.
+
+### Custom backend
+
+Replace the embedded NATS with your own PubSub implementation:
+
+```go
+v.Config(via.Options{
+    PubSub: myRedisBackend,
+})
+```
+
+This disables the embedded NATS server. The `NATSConn()` and `JetStream()` accessors will return nil.
+
+## JetStream
+
+NATS JetStream provides persistent, replayable message streams. Useful for chat history, event logs, or any scenario where new subscribers need to catch up on past messages.
+
+### Ensure a stream exists
+
+```go
+err := via.EnsureStream(v, via.StreamConfig{
+    Name:     "CHAT",
+    Subjects: []string{"chat.>"},
+    MaxMsgs:  1000,
+    MaxAge:   24 * time.Hour,
+})
+```
+
+| Field | Description |
+|-------|-------------|
+| `Name` | Stream name |
+| `Subjects` | NATS subjects to capture (supports wildcards: `>` matches all sub-levels) |
+| `MaxMsgs` | Maximum number of messages to retain |
+| `MaxAge` | Maximum age before messages are discarded |
+
+Call `EnsureStream` during app initialization, before `v.Start()`.
+
+### Replay history
+
+Retrieve recent messages from a stream:
+
+```go
+messages, err := via.ReplayHistory[ChatMessage](v, "chat.room.general", 50)
+```
+
+Returns up to the last `limit` messages on the subject, deserialized as `T`. Use this when a new user joins and needs to see recent history.
+
+### Direct NATS access
+
+For advanced use cases, access the NATS connection and JetStream context directly:
+
+```go
+nc := v.NATSConn()       // *nats.Conn, nil if custom PubSub
+js := v.JetStream()      // nats.JetStreamContext, nil if custom PubSub
+```
+
+### PubSub accessor
+
+Access the configured PubSub backend from the `V` instance:
+
+```go
+ps := v.PubSub() // via.PubSub interface, nil if none configured
+```
+
+## Sessions
+
+Via uses [SCS](https://github.com/alexedwards/scs) for cookie-based session management.
+
+### Setup with SQLite
+
+```go
+db, _ := sql.Open("sqlite3", "app.db")
+
+sm, _ := via.NewSQLiteSessionManager(db)
+sm.Lifetime = 24 * time.Hour
+sm.Cookie.SameSite = http.SameSiteLaxMode
+
+v.Config(via.Options{SessionManager: sm})
+```
+
+`NewSQLiteSessionManager` creates the `sessions` table and index if they don't exist. The returned `*scs.SessionManager` can be configured further (lifetime, cookie settings) before passing to `Config`.
+
+A default in-memory session manager is always available, even without explicit configuration. Use `NewSQLiteSessionManager` when you need sessions to survive server restarts.
+
+### Session API
+
+Access the session from any context:
+
+```go
+s := c.Session()
+```
+
+**Getters:**
+
+| Method | Return type |
+|--------|-------------|
+| `s.Get(key)` | `any` |
+| `s.GetString(key)` | `string` |
+| `s.GetInt(key)` | `int` |
+| `s.GetBool(key)` | `bool` |
+| `s.GetFloat64(key)` | `float64` |
+| `s.GetTime(key)` | `time.Time` |
+| `s.GetBytes(key)` | `[]byte` |
+
+**Pop** (get and delete — useful for flash messages):
+
+| Method | Return type |
+|--------|-------------|
+| `s.Pop(key)` | `any` |
+| `s.PopString(key)` | `string` |
+| `s.PopInt(key)` | `int` |
+| `s.PopBool(key)` | `bool` |
+| `s.PopFloat64(key)` | `float64` |
+| `s.PopTime(key)` | `time.Time` |
+| `s.PopBytes(key)` | `[]byte` |
+
+**Mutators:**
+
+| Method | Description |
+|--------|-------------|
+| `s.Set(key, val)` | Store a value |
+| `s.Delete(key)` | Remove a single key |
+| `s.Clear()` | Remove all session data |
+| `s.Destroy()` | Destroy the entire session (for logout) |
+| `s.RenewToken()` | Regenerate session ID (prevents session fixation — call after login) |
+
+**Introspection:**
+
+| Method | Description |
+|--------|-------------|
+| `s.Exists(key)` | True if key exists |
+| `s.Keys()` | All keys in the session |
+| `s.ID()` | Session token (cookie value) |
+
+All getters return zero values if the key doesn't exist or the session manager is nil.
+
+### Auth pattern
+
+A common login/logout flow using sessions and middleware:
+
+```go
+// Middleware
+func authRequired(c *via.Context, next func()) {
+    if c.Session().GetString("username") == "" {
+        c.Session().Set("flash", "Please log in first")
+        c.RedirectView("/login")
+        return
+    }
+    next()
+}
+
+// Login page
+v.Page("/login", func(c *via.Context) {
+    user := c.Signal("")
+    pass := c.Signal("")
+    flash := c.Session().PopString("flash")
+
+    login := c.Action(func() {
+        if authenticate(user.String(), pass.String()) {
+            c.Session().RenewToken()
+            c.Session().Set("username", user.String())
+            c.Redirect("/dashboard")
+        } else {
+            flash = "Invalid credentials"
+            c.Sync()
+        }
+    })
+
+    c.View(func() h.H {
+        return h.Form(login.OnSubmit(),
+            h.If(flash != "", h.P(h.Text(flash))),
+            h.Input(h.Type("text"), user.Bind(), h.Placeholder("Username")),
+            h.Input(h.Type("password"), pass.Bind(), h.Placeholder("Password")),
+            h.Button(h.Type("submit"), h.Text("Log In")),
+        )
+    })
+})
+
+// Protected pages
+protected := v.Group("", authRequired)
+protected.Page("/dashboard", dashboardHandler)
+
+// Logout action (inside a protected page)
+logout := c.Action(func() {
+    c.Session().Destroy()
+    c.Redirect("/login")
+})
+```
+
+Key points:
+- Call `RenewToken()` after login to prevent session fixation.
+- Use `PopString` for flash messages — they're read once then removed.
+- Use `RedirectView` in middleware, `Redirect` in actions. See the [gotcha in routing](routing-and-navigation.md#middleware).

docs/routing-and-navigation.md

@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+# Routing and Navigation
+
+Multi-page app structure, middleware, and Via's SPA navigation system.
+
+## Pages
+
+Register a page with a route pattern and an init function:
+
+```go
+v.Page("/", func(c *via.Context) {
+    c.View(func() h.H {
+        return h.H1(h.Text("Home"))
+    })
+})
+```
+
+Routes use Go's standard `net/http.ServeMux` patterns. Via registers each page as a `GET` handler.
+
+> **Gotcha:** Via runs every page init function at registration time (in a `defer/recover` block) to catch panics early. If your init function panics — e.g. by forgetting `c.View()` — the app crashes at startup, not at request time.
+
+## Path Parameters
+
+Use `{param}` syntax in route patterns:
+
+```go
+v.Page("/users/{id}/posts/{post_id}", func(c *via.Context) {
+    userID := c.GetPathParam("id")
+    postID := c.GetPathParam("post_id")
+
+    c.View(func() h.H {
+        return h.P(h.Textf("User %s, Post %s", userID, postID))
+    })
+})
+```
+
+`GetPathParam` returns an empty string if the parameter doesn't exist.
+
+## Route Groups
+
+Group pages under a shared prefix with shared middleware:
+
+```go
+admin := v.Group("/admin", authRequired)
+admin.Page("/dashboard", dashboardHandler) // route: /admin/dashboard
+admin.Page("/settings", settingsHandler)   // route: /admin/settings
+```
+
+### Nesting
+
+Groups nest — the child inherits the parent's prefix and middleware:
+
+```go
+admin := v.Group("/admin", authRequired)
+admin.Use(auditLog) // add middleware after creation
+
+superAdmin := admin.Group("/super", superAdminOnly)
+superAdmin.Page("/nuke", nukeHandler) // route: /admin/super/nuke
+// middleware order: global → authRequired → auditLog → superAdminOnly → handler
+```
+
+### Empty prefix
+
+Use an empty prefix when you need shared middleware without a path prefix:
+
+```go
+protected := v.Group("", authRequired)
+protected.Page("/dashboard", dashboardHandler) // route: /dashboard
+protected.Page("/profile", profileHandler)     // route: /profile
+```
+
+## Middleware
+
+```go
+type Middleware func(c *Context, next func())
+```
+
+Call `next()` to continue the chain. Return without calling `next()` to abort — but set a view first.
+
+```go
+func authRequired(c *via.Context, next func()) {
+    if c.Session().GetString("username") == "" {
+        c.Session().Set("flash", "Please log in")
+        c.RedirectView("/login")
+        return // don't call next — chain is aborted
+    }
+    next()
+}
+```
+
+> **Gotcha:** Use `c.RedirectView()` in middleware, not `c.Redirect()`. The SSE connection isn't open yet during the initial page load, so `Redirect()` (which sends a patch over SSE) won't work. `RedirectView()` sets the view to one that triggers a redirect once SSE connects.
+
+### Three levels
+
+| Level | Registration | Scope |
+|-------|-------------|-------|
+| Global | `v.Use(mw...)` | Every page |
+| Group | `v.Group(prefix, mw...)` or `g.Use(mw...)` | Pages in the group |
+| Action | `c.Action(fn, via.WithMiddleware(mw...))` | A single action endpoint |
+
+### Execution order
+
+Middleware runs in registration order: global first, then group, then the handler.
+
+```go
+v.Use(logger)                        // 1st
+admin := v.Group("/admin", auth)     // 2nd
+admin.Use(audit)                     // 3rd
+admin.Page("/x", handler)           // 4th
+// execution: logger → auth → audit → handler
+```
+
+Action-level middleware runs after CSRF validation and rate limiting, when the action endpoint is invoked.
+
+## SPA Navigation
+
+Via intercepts same-origin link clicks and navigates without a full page reload. The SSE connection persists, and the new page's view is morphed into the DOM with a view transition.
+
+### How it works
+
+1. `navigate.js` (embedded in every page) intercepts clicks on `<a>` elements.
+2. For same-origin links, it POSTs to `/_navigate` with the context ID, CSRF token, and target URL.
+3. The server calls `c.Navigate()`, which:
+   - Resets page state (stops intervals, unsubscribes PubSub, clears signals/actions/fields)
+   - Runs the target page's init function (with middleware) on the **same context**
+   - Pushes the new view via SSE with a view transition
+   - Updates the browser URL via `history.pushState()`
+
+### What gets cleaned up on navigate
+
+- Intervals stop (via `pageStopChan`)
+- PubSub subscriptions are unsubscribed
+- Signals, actions, and fields are cleared
+- The new page starts completely fresh
+
+The SSE connection and the context itself survive. This is what makes it an SPA — the existing stream is reused.
+
+### Layouts
+
+Define a layout to provide persistent chrome (nav bars, sidebars) that wraps every page:
+
+```go
+v.Layout(func(content func() h.H) h.H {
+    return h.Div(
+        h.Nav(
+            h.A(h.Href("/"), h.Text("Home")),
+            h.A(h.Href("/counter"), h.Text("Counter")),
+            h.A(h.Href("/clock"), h.Text("Clock")),
+        ),
+        h.Main(content()),
+    )
+})
+```
+
+The `content` parameter is the page's view function. During SPA navigation, the entire layout + content is re-rendered and morphed — Datastar's morph algorithm (idiomorph) efficiently updates only the changed parts, so the nav bar stays visually stable while the main content transitions.
+
+> **Gotcha:** Layout state does not persist across navigations in the way page state doesn't — the layout is re-rendered from scratch each time. If you need state that survives navigation (like a selected nav item), derive it from the current route rather than storing it in a variable.
+
+### View transitions
+
+Animate elements across page navigations using the browser View Transitions API:
+
+```go
+// On the home page:
+h.H1(h.Text("Home"), h.DataViewTransition("page-title"))
+
+// On the counter page:
+h.H1(h.Text("Counter"), h.DataViewTransition("page-title"))
+```
+
+Elements with matching `view-transition-name` values animate smoothly during SPA navigation. `DataViewTransition` sets the CSS `view-transition-name` as an inline `style` attribute. If the element also needs other inline styles, set `view-transition-name` directly in a `Style()` call instead.
+
+Via automatically includes the `<meta name="view-transition" content="same-origin">` tag to enable the API.
+
+### Opting out
+
+Add `data-via-no-boost` to links that should trigger a full page reload:
+
+```go
+h.A(h.Href("/"), h.Text("Full Reload"), h.Attr("data-via-no-boost"))
+```
+
+Links are also auto-ignored when:
+- They have a `target` attribute (e.g. `target="_blank"`)
+- Modifier keys are held (Ctrl, Meta, Shift, Alt)
+- The `href` starts with `#` or is cross-origin
+- The `href` is missing
+
+### Programmatic navigation
+
+Trigger SPA navigation from an action handler:
+
+```go
+goCounter := c.Action(func() {
+    c.Navigate("/counter", false)
+})
+```
+
+The second parameter controls history behavior: `false` for `pushState` (normal navigation), `true` for `replaceState` (back/forward).
+
+If the path doesn't match any registered route, `Navigate` falls back to `c.Redirect()` (full page navigation).
+
+### DataIgnoreMorph
+
+Prevent Datastar from overwriting an element during morph:
+
+```go
+h.Div(h.ID("toast-container"), h.DataIgnoreMorph())
+```
+
+The element and its subtree are skipped during DOM patches. Useful for elements with client-side state: a focused input, an animation, a third-party widget, or a toast notification container.
+
+## Custom HTTP Handlers
+
+Access the underlying mux for non-Via routes (APIs, webhooks, health checks):
+
+```go
+mux := v.HTTPServeMux()
+mux.HandleFunc("GET /api/health", healthHandler)
+mux.HandleFunc("POST /api/webhook", webhookHandler)
+```
+
+Register before `v.Start()`. These routes bypass Via's context/SSE system entirely.

docs/state-and-interactivity.md

@@ -0,0 +1,313 @@
+# State and Interactivity
+
+This is the core reactive model — signals, actions, views, components, and validation.
+
+## Context Lifecycle
+
+A `*Context` is created per browser visit. It holds all page state: signals, actions, fields, subscriptions, and the view function.
+
+```
+Browser hits page → new Context created → init function runs → HTML rendered
+                                                                    ↓
+                                        SSE connection opens ← browser loads page
+                                                ↓
+                        action fires → signals injected from browser → handler runs → Sync() → DOM patched
+```
+
+The context is disposed when the SSE connection closes (tab close, navigation away, network loss). A background reaper also cleans up contexts that never establish an SSE connection within `ContextTTL` (default 30s).
+
+During [SPA navigation](routing-and-navigation.md#spa-navigation), the context itself survives — only page-level state (signals, actions, fields, intervals, subscriptions) is reset. The SSE connection persists.
+
+## Signals
+
+Signals are reactive values synchronized between server and browser. Create one with an initial value:
+
+```go
+name := c.Signal("world")
+count := c.Signal(0)
+items := c.Signal([]string{"a", "b"})
+```
+
+### Reading values
+
+```go
+name.String()  // "world"
+count.Int()    // 0
+count.Bool()   // false (parses "true", "1", "yes", "on")
+```
+
+Signal values come from the browser. Before every action call, the browser sends all current signal values to the server. You always read the latest browser state inside action handlers.
+
+### Writing values
+
+```go
+name.SetValue("Via")
+c.SyncSignals()  // push only changed signals to browser
+// or
+c.Sync()  // re-render view AND push changed signals
+```
+
+`SetValue` marks the signal as changed. The change is not sent to the browser until you call `Sync()` or `SyncSignals()`.
+
+### Rendering in the view
+
+```go
+// Two-way binding on an input — browser edits update the signal
+h.Input(h.Type("text"), name.Bind())
+
+// Reactive text display — updates when the signal changes
+h.Span(name.Text())
+
+// Read value at render time — static until next Sync()
+h.P(h.Textf("Count: %d", count.Int()))
+```
+
+`Bind()` outputs a `data-bind` attribute for two-way binding. `Text()` outputs a `<span data-text="$signalID">` for reactive display.
+
+## Actions
+
+Actions are server-side event handlers. They run on the server when triggered by a browser event.
+
+```go
+submit := c.Action(func() {
+    // signals are already injected — read them here
+    fmt.Println(name.String())
+    count.SetValue(count.Int() + 1)
+    c.Sync()
+})
+```
+
+### Trigger methods
+
+Attach an action to a DOM event by calling a trigger method in the view:
+
+```go
+h.Button(h.Text("Submit"), submit.OnClick())
+h.Input(name.Bind(), submit.OnKeyDown("Enter"))
+h.Select(category.Bind(), filter.OnChange())
+h.Form(submit.OnSubmit())
+```
+
+Available triggers:
+
+| Method | Event | Notes |
+|--------|-------|-------|
+| `OnClick()` | `click` | |
+| `OnDblClick()` | `dblclick` | |
+| `OnChange()` | `change` | 200ms debounce |
+| `OnInput()` | `input` | No debounce |
+| `OnSubmit()` | `submit` | |
+| `OnKeyDown(key)` | `keydown` | Filtered by key name (e.g. `"Enter"`, `"Escape"`) |
+| `OnFocus()` | `focus` | |
+| `OnBlur()` | `blur` | |
+| `OnMouseEnter()` | `mouseenter` | |
+| `OnMouseLeave()` | `mouseleave` | |
+| `OnScroll()` | `scroll` | |
+
+### Trigger options
+
+Every trigger method accepts `ActionTriggerOption` values:
+
+```go
+// Set a signal value before the action fires
+submit.OnClick(via.WithSignal(mode, "delete"))
+submit.OnClick(via.WithSignalInt(page, 3))
+
+// Listen on window instead of the element
+submit.OnKeyDown("Escape", via.WithWindow())
+
+// Prevent browser default behavior
+submit.OnKeyDown("ArrowDown", via.WithPreventDefault())
+```
+
+### Multi-key dispatch
+
+`OnKeyDownMap` binds multiple keys to different actions in a single attribute:
+
+```go
+via.OnKeyDownMap(
+    via.KeyBind("w", move, via.WithSignal(dir, "up")),
+    via.KeyBind("s", move, via.WithSignal(dir, "down")),
+    via.KeyBind("ArrowUp", move, via.WithSignal(dir, "up"), via.WithPreventDefault()),
+    via.KeyBind("ArrowDown", move, via.WithSignal(dir, "down"), via.WithPreventDefault()),
+)
+```
+
+This produces a single `data-on:keydown__window` attribute. Place it on any element in the view.
+
+### Action options
+
+```go
+// Per-action rate limiting (overrides the context-level default)
+c.Action(handler, via.WithRateLimit(5, 10))
+
+// Per-action middleware (runs after CSRF and rate-limit checks)
+c.Action(handler, via.WithMiddleware(requireAdmin))
+```
+
+## Views and Sync
+
+Every page handler must call `c.View()` to define the UI:
+
+```go
+c.View(func() h.H {
+    return h.Div(
+        h.P(h.Textf("Hello, %s!", name.String())),
+    )
+})
+```
+
+> **Gotcha:** If you forget `c.View()`, the app panics at startup during route registration — not at request time.
+
+The view function is re-evaluated on every `c.Sync()`. The resulting HTML is pushed to the browser via SSE, where Datastar morphs the DOM.
+
+### Sync variants
+
+| Method | What it sends |
+|--------|---------------|
+| `c.Sync()` | Re-renders the view HTML **and** pushes changed signals |
+| `c.SyncSignals()` | Pushes only changed signals, no view re-render |
+| `c.SyncElements(elem...)` | Pushes specific HTML elements to merge into the DOM. Each element **must have an ID** matching an existing DOM element |
+| `c.ExecScript(js)` | Sends JavaScript for the browser to execute (auto-removed after execution) |
+
+Use `SyncSignals()` when only signal values changed and the view structure is the same. Use `SyncElements()` for targeted updates without re-rendering the entire view. Use `ExecScript()` to interact with client-side libraries (e.g. pushing data to a chart).
+
+## Components
+
+Extract reusable UI with `c.Component()`:
+
+```go
+func counterFn(c *via.Context) {
+    count := 0
+    step := c.Signal(1)
+
+    increment := c.Action(func() {
+        count += step.Int()
+        c.Sync()
+    })
+
+    c.View(func() h.H {
+        return h.Div(
+            h.P(h.Textf("Count: %d", count)),
+            h.Input(h.Type("number"), step.Bind()),
+            h.Button(h.Text("+"), increment.OnClick()),
+        )
+    })
+}
+
+// In a page:
+v.Page("/", func(c *via.Context) {
+    counter1 := c.Component(counterFn)
+    counter2 := c.Component(counterFn)
+
+    c.View(func() h.H {
+        return h.Div(
+            h.H2(h.Text("Counter 1")), counter1(),
+            h.H2(h.Text("Counter 2")), counter2(),
+        )
+    })
+})
+```
+
+Each component instance gets its own closure state, but signals, actions, and fields are registered on the parent page context. Components share the parent's SSE stream — `c.Sync()` from a component re-renders the entire page view.
+
+## Fields and Validation
+
+Fields are signals with validation rules. Use them for form inputs:
+
+```go
+username := c.Field("", via.Required(), via.MinLen(3), via.MaxLen(20))
+email := c.Field("", via.Required(), via.Email())
+age := c.Field("", via.Required(), via.Min(13), via.Max(120))
+website := c.Field("", via.Pattern(`^https?://`, "Must start with http:// or https://"))
+```
+
+### Built-in rules
+
+| Rule | Description |
+|------|-------------|
+| `Required(msg...)` | Rejects empty/whitespace-only values |
+| `MinLen(n, msg...)` | Minimum character count (Unicode-aware) |
+| `MaxLen(n, msg...)` | Maximum character count (Unicode-aware) |
+| `Min(n, msg...)` | Minimum numeric value (parsed as int) |
+| `Max(n, msg...)` | Maximum numeric value (parsed as int) |
+| `Email(msg...)` | Email format regex |
+| `Pattern(re, msg...)` | Custom regex |
+| `Custom(fn)` | `func(string) error` — return non-nil to fail |
+
+All rules accept an optional custom error message as the last argument.
+
+### Using fields in views and actions
+
+```go
+submit := c.Action(func() {
+    if !c.ValidateAll() {
+        c.Sync()
+        return
+    }
+    // Server-side validation
+    if userExists(username.String()) {
+        username.AddError("Username taken")
+        c.Sync()
+        return
+    }
+    createUser(username.String(), email.String())
+    c.ResetFields()
+    c.Sync()
+})
+
+c.View(func() h.H {
+    return h.Form(submit.OnSubmit(),
+        h.Input(h.Type("text"), username.Bind(), h.Placeholder("Username")),
+        h.If(username.HasError(), h.Small(h.Text(username.FirstError()))),
+
+        h.Input(h.Type("email"), email.Bind(), h.Placeholder("Email")),
+        h.If(email.HasError(), h.Small(h.Text(email.FirstError()))),
+
+        h.Button(h.Type("submit"), h.Text("Sign Up")),
+    )
+})
+```
+
+| Method | Description |
+|--------|-------------|
+| `field.Validate()` | Run rules, return true if all pass |
+| `field.HasError()` | True if any validation errors exist |
+| `field.FirstError()` | First error message, or `""` |
+| `field.Errors()` | All error messages |
+| `field.AddError(msg)` | Add a custom server-side error |
+| `field.ClearErrors()` | Remove all errors |
+| `field.Reset()` | Restore initial value and clear errors |
+| `c.ValidateAll(fields...)` | Validate given fields (or all if none specified). Does not short-circuit — all fields get validated so all errors are populated |
+| `c.ResetFields(fields...)` | Reset given fields (or all if none specified) |
+
+Fields embed `*signal`, so `Bind()`, `Text()`, `String()`, `Int()`, `Bool()`, `SetValue()`, and `ID()` all work.
+
+## OnInterval
+
+Run a function at regular intervals, tied to the page lifecycle:
+
+```go
+stop := c.OnInterval(time.Second, func() {
+    now = time.Now()
+    c.Sync()
+})
+```
+
+- Starts immediately — no separate start call needed.
+- Returns a `func()` that stops the interval (idempotent).
+- Automatically stops on context disposal (tab close) or SPA navigation away.
+- Call `c.Sync()` inside the handler to push updates to the browser.
+
+## Navigation Helpers
+
+| Method | Effect |
+|--------|--------|
+| `c.Redirect(url)` | Full page navigation. Disposes the context, browser loads a new page |
+| `c.Redirectf(fmt, args...)` | `Redirect` with `fmt.Sprintf` |
+| `c.RedirectView(url)` | Sets the view to trigger a redirect on SSE connect. Use in [middleware](routing-and-navigation.md#middleware) to abort the chain and redirect |
+| `c.ReplaceURL(url)` | Updates the browser URL bar without navigation. Useful for reflecting state in query params |
+| `c.ReplaceURLf(fmt, args...)` | `ReplaceURL` with `fmt.Sprintf` |
+| `c.Navigate(path, popstate)` | [SPA navigation](routing-and-navigation.md#spa-navigation). Resets page state, runs the target page handler on the same context, pushes the new view with a view transition |
+
+> **Gotcha:** In middleware, use `c.RedirectView()`, not `c.Redirect()`. `Redirect` sends a patch over SSE, but the SSE connection isn't established yet during the initial page load.

field.go

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+package via
+
+// Field is a signal with built-in validation rules and error state.
+// It embeds *signal, so all signal methods (Bind, String, Int, Bool, SetValue, Text, ID)
+// work transparently.
+type Field struct {
+	*signal
+	rules      []Rule
+	errors     []string
+	initialVal any
+}
+
+// Validate runs all rules against the current value.
+// Clears previous errors, populates new ones, returns true if all rules pass.
+func (f *Field) Validate() bool {
+	f.errors = nil
+	val := f.String()
+	for _, r := range f.rules {
+		if err := r.validate(val); err != nil {
+			f.errors = append(f.errors, err.Error())
+		}
+	}
+	return len(f.errors) == 0
+}
+
+// HasError returns true if this field has any validation errors.
+func (f *Field) HasError() bool {
+	return len(f.errors) > 0
+}
+
+// FirstError returns the first validation error message, or "" if valid.
+func (f *Field) FirstError() string {
+	if len(f.errors) > 0 {
+		return f.errors[0]
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+// Errors returns all current validation error messages.
+func (f *Field) Errors() []string {
+	return f.errors
+}
+
+// AddError manually adds an error message (useful for server-side or cross-field validation).
+func (f *Field) AddError(msg string) {
+	f.errors = append(f.errors, msg)
+}
+
+// ClearErrors removes all validation errors from this field.
+func (f *Field) ClearErrors() {
+	f.errors = nil
+}
+
+// Reset restores the field value to its initial value and clears all errors.
+func (f *Field) Reset() {
+	f.SetValue(f.initialVal)
+	f.errors = nil
+}

field_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+package via
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func newTestField(initial any, rules ...Rule) *Field {
+	v := New()
+	var f *Field
+	v.Page("/", func(c *Context) {
+		f = c.Field(initial, rules...)
+		c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div() })
+	})
+	return f
+}
+
+func TestFieldCreation(t *testing.T) {
+	f := newTestField("hello", Required())
+	assert.Equal(t, "hello", f.String())
+	assert.NotEmpty(t, f.ID())
+}
+
+func TestFieldSignalDelegation(t *testing.T) {
+	f := newTestField(42)
+	assert.Equal(t, "42", f.String())
+	assert.Equal(t, 42, f.Int())
+
+	f.SetValue("new")
+	assert.Equal(t, "new", f.String())
+
+	// Bind returns an h.H element
+	assert.NotNil(t, f.Bind())
+}
+
+func TestFieldValidateSingleRule(t *testing.T) {
+	f := newTestField("", Required())
+	assert.False(t, f.Validate())
+	assert.True(t, f.HasError())
+	assert.Equal(t, "This field is required", f.FirstError())
+
+	f.SetValue("ok")
+	assert.True(t, f.Validate())
+	assert.False(t, f.HasError())
+	assert.Equal(t, "", f.FirstError())
+}
+
+func TestFieldValidateMultipleRules(t *testing.T) {
+	f := newTestField("ab", Required(), MinLen(3))
+	assert.False(t, f.Validate())
+	errs := f.Errors()
+	assert.Len(t, errs, 1)
+	assert.Equal(t, "Must be at least 3 characters", errs[0])
+
+	f.SetValue("")
+	assert.False(t, f.Validate())
+	errs = f.Errors()
+	assert.Len(t, errs, 2)
+}
+
+func TestFieldErrors(t *testing.T) {
+	f := newTestField("")
+	assert.Nil(t, f.Errors())
+	assert.False(t, f.HasError())
+	assert.Equal(t, "", f.FirstError())
+}
+
+func TestFieldAddError(t *testing.T) {
+	f := newTestField("ok")
+	f.AddError("username taken")
+	assert.True(t, f.HasError())
+	assert.Equal(t, "username taken", f.FirstError())
+	assert.Len(t, f.Errors(), 1)
+}
+
+func TestFieldClearErrors(t *testing.T) {
+	f := newTestField("", Required())
+	f.Validate()
+	assert.True(t, f.HasError())
+	f.ClearErrors()
+	assert.False(t, f.HasError())
+}
+
+func TestFieldReset(t *testing.T) {
+	f := newTestField("initial", Required(), MinLen(3))
+	f.SetValue("changed")
+	f.AddError("some error")
+
+	f.Reset()
+	assert.Equal(t, "initial", f.String())
+	assert.False(t, f.HasError())
+}
+
+func TestValidateAll(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	v.Page("/", func(c *Context) {
+		c.Field("", Required(), MinLen(3))
+		c.Field("", Required(), Email())
+		c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div() })
+
+		// both empty → both fail
+		assert.False(t, c.ValidateAll())
+	})
+
+	v2 := New()
+	v2.Page("/", func(c *Context) {
+		c.Field("joe", Required(), MinLen(3))
+		c.Field("joe@x.com", Required(), Email())
+		c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div() })
+
+		assert.True(t, c.ValidateAll())
+	})
+}
+
+func TestValidateAllPartialFailure(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	v.Page("/", func(c *Context) {
+		good := c.Field("valid", Required())
+		bad := c.Field("", Required())
+		c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div() })
+
+		ok := c.ValidateAll()
+		assert.False(t, ok)
+		assert.False(t, good.HasError())
+		assert.True(t, bad.HasError())
+	})
+}
+
+func TestValidateAllSelectiveArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	v.Page("/", func(c *Context) {
+		a := c.Field("", Required())
+		b := c.Field("ok", Required())
+		cField := c.Field("", Required())
+		c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div() })
+
+		// only validate a and b — cField should be untouched
+		ok := c.ValidateAll(a, b)
+		assert.False(t, ok)
+		assert.True(t, a.HasError())
+		assert.False(t, b.HasError())
+		assert.False(t, cField.HasError(), "unselected field should not be validated")
+	})
+}
+
+func TestResetFields(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	v.Page("/", func(c *Context) {
+		a := c.Field("a", Required())
+		b := c.Field("b", Required())
+		c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div() })
+
+		a.SetValue("changed-a")
+		b.SetValue("changed-b")
+		a.AddError("err")
+
+		c.ResetFields()
+		assert.Equal(t, "a", a.String())
+		assert.Equal(t, "b", b.String())
+		assert.False(t, a.HasError())
+	})
+}
+
+func TestResetFieldsSelectiveArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	v.Page("/", func(c *Context) {
+		a := c.Field("a")
+		b := c.Field("b")
+		c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div() })
+
+		a.SetValue("changed-a")
+		b.SetValue("changed-b")
+
+		// only reset a
+		c.ResetFields(a)
+		assert.Equal(t, "a", a.String())
+		assert.Equal(t, "changed-b", b.String(), "unselected field should not be reset")
+	})
+}
+
+func TestFieldValidateClearsPreviousErrors(t *testing.T) {
+	f := newTestField("", Required())
+	f.Validate()
+	assert.True(t, f.HasError())
+
+	f.SetValue("ok")
+	f.Validate()
+	assert.False(t, f.HasError())
+}
+
+func TestFieldCustomValidator(t *testing.T) {
+	f := newTestField("bad", Custom(func(val string) error {
+		if val == "bad" {
+			return fmt.Errorf("no bad words")
+		}
+		return nil
+	}))
+	assert.False(t, f.Validate())
+	assert.Equal(t, "no bad words", f.FirstError())
+
+	f.SetValue("good")
+	assert.True(t, f.Validate())
+}

go.mod

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-module github.com/go-via/via
+module github.com/ryanhamamura/via
 
 go 1.25.4
 
@@ -6,20 +6,37 @@ require maragu.dev/gomponents v1.2.0
 
 require (
 	github.com/DATA-DOG/go-sqlmock v1.5.2
+	github.com/alexedwards/scs/sqlite3store v0.0.0-20251002162104-209de6e426de
+	github.com/alexedwards/scs/v2 v2.9.0
+	github.com/delaneyj/toolbelt v0.9.1
 	github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3 v1.14.32
+	github.com/nats-io/nats.go v1.48.0
+	github.com/rs/zerolog v1.34.0
 	github.com/starfederation/datastar-go v1.0.3
-	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.10.0
+	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1
+	golang.org/x/time v0.14.0
 )
 
 require (
 	github.com/CAFxX/httpcompression v0.0.9 // indirect
-	github.com/alexedwards/scs/v2 v2.9.0 // indirect
 	github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 // indirect
-	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.0 // indirect
-	github.com/kr/pretty v0.1.0 // indirect
-	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/antithesishq/antithesis-sdk-go v0.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/cenkalti/backoff v2.2.1+incompatible // indirect
+	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.2-0.20180830191138-d8f796af33cc // indirect
+	github.com/google/go-tpm v0.9.7 // indirect
+	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.2 // indirect
+	github.com/kr/text v0.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.13 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 // indirect
+	github.com/minio/highwayhash v1.0.4-0.20251030100505-070ab1a87a76 // indirect
+	github.com/nats-io/jwt/v2 v2.8.0 // indirect
+	github.com/nats-io/nats-server/v2 v2.12.2 // indirect
+	github.com/nats-io/nkeys v0.4.12 // indirect
+	github.com/nats-io/nuid v1.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.1-0.20181226105442-5d4384ee4fb2 // indirect
+	github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.14.1 // indirect
 	github.com/valyala/bytebufferpool v1.0.0 // indirect
-	gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20190902080502-41f04d3bba15 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.45.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.38.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
 )

go.sum

@@ -2,32 +2,71 @@ github.com/CAFxX/httpcompression v0.0.9 h1:0ue2X8dOLEpxTm8tt+OdHcgA+gbDge0OqFQWG
 github.com/CAFxX/httpcompression v0.0.9/go.mod h1:XX8oPZA+4IDcfZ0A71Hz0mZsv/YJOgYygkFhizVPilM=
 github.com/DATA-DOG/go-sqlmock v1.5.2 h1:OcvFkGmslmlZibjAjaHm3L//6LiuBgolP7OputlJIzU=
 github.com/DATA-DOG/go-sqlmock v1.5.2/go.mod h1:88MAG/4G7SMwSE3CeA0ZKzrT5CiOU3OJ+JlNzwDqpNU=
+github.com/alexedwards/scs/sqlite3store v0.0.0-20251002162104-209de6e426de h1:c72K9HLu6K442et0j3BUL/9HEYaUJouLkkVANdmqTOo=
+github.com/alexedwards/scs/sqlite3store v0.0.0-20251002162104-209de6e426de/go.mod h1:Iyk7S76cxGaiEX/mSYmTZzYehp4KfyylcLaV3OnToss=
 github.com/alexedwards/scs/v2 v2.9.0 h1:xa05mVpwTBm1iLeTMNFfAWpKUm4fXAW7CeAViqBVS90=
 github.com/alexedwards/scs/v2 v2.9.0/go.mod h1:ToaROZxyKukJKT/xLcVQAChi5k6+Pn1Gvmdl7h3RRj8=
 github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.0.5/go.mod h1:fO7iG3H7G2nSZ7m0zPUDn85XEX2GTukHGRSepvi9Eig=
 github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.2.0 h1:ukwgCxwYrmACq68yiUqwIWnGY0cTPox/M94sVwToPjQ=
 github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.2.0/go.mod h1:rzTDkvFWvIrjDXZHkuS16NPggd91W3kUSvPlQ1pLaKY=
+github.com/antithesishq/antithesis-sdk-go v0.5.0 h1:cudCFF83pDDANcXFzkQPUHHedfnnIbUO3JMr9fqwFJs=
+github.com/antithesishq/antithesis-sdk-go v0.5.0/go.mod h1:IUpT2DPAKh6i/YhSbt6Gl3v2yvUZjmKncl7U91fup7E=
+github.com/cenkalti/backoff v2.2.1+incompatible h1:tNowT99t7UNflLxfYYSlKYsBpXdEet03Pg2g16Swow4=
+github.com/cenkalti/backoff v2.2.1+incompatible/go.mod h1:90ReRw6GdpyfrHakVjL/QHaoyV4aDUVVkXQJJJ3NXXM=
+github.com/coreos/go-systemd/v22 v22.5.0/go.mod h1:Y58oyj3AT4RCenI/lSvhwexgC+NSVTIJ3seZv2GcEnc=
+github.com/creack/pty v1.1.9/go.mod h1:oKZEueFk5CKHvIhNR5MUki03XCEU+Q6VDXinZuGJ33E=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.0/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
-github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 h1:vj9j/u1bqnvCEfJOwUhtlOARqs3+rkHYY13jYWTU97c=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
+github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.2-0.20180830191138-d8f796af33cc h1:U9qPSI2PIWSS1VwoXQT9A3Wy9MM3WgvqSxFWenqJduM=
+github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.2-0.20180830191138-d8f796af33cc/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
+github.com/delaneyj/toolbelt v0.9.1 h1:QJComn2qoaQ4azl5uRkGpdHSO9e+JtoxDTXCiQHvH8o=
+github.com/delaneyj/toolbelt v0.9.1/go.mod h1:eNXpPuThjTD4tpRNCBl4JEz9jdg9LpyzNuyG+stnIbs=
+github.com/godbus/dbus/v5 v5.0.4/go.mod h1:xhWf0FNVPg57R7Z0UbKHbJfkEywrmjJnf7w5xrFpKfA=
 github.com/google/brotli/go/cbrotli v0.0.0-20230829110029-ed738e842d2f h1:jopqB+UTSdJGEJT8tEqYyE29zN91fi2827oLET8tl7k=
 github.com/google/brotli/go/cbrotli v0.0.0-20230829110029-ed738e842d2f/go.mod h1:nOPhAkwVliJdNTkj3gXpljmWhjc4wCaVqbMJcPKWP4s=
+github.com/google/go-tpm v0.9.7 h1:u89J4tUUeDTlH8xxC3CTW7OHZjbjKoHdQ9W7gCUhtxA=
+github.com/google/go-tpm v0.9.7/go.mod h1:h9jEsEECg7gtLis0upRBQU+GhYVH6jMjrFxI8u6bVUY=
 github.com/kisielk/sqlstruct v0.0.0-20201105191214-5f3e10d3ab46/go.mod h1:yyMNCyc/Ib3bDTKd379tNMpB/7/H5TjM2Y9QJ5THLbE=
 github.com/klauspost/compress v1.16.7/go.mod h1:ntbaceVETuRiXiv4DpjP66DpAtAGkEQskQzEyD//IeE=
-github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.0 h1:c/Cqfb0r+Yi+JtIEq73FWXVkRonBlf0CRNYc8Zttxdo=
-github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.0/go.mod h1:2Pp+KzxcywXVXMr50+X0Q/Lsb43OQHYWRCY2AiWywWQ=
+github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.2 h1:iiPHWW0YrcFgpBYhsA6D1+fqHssJscY/Tm/y2Uqnapk=
+github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.2/go.mod h1:R0h/fSBs8DE4ENlcrlib3PsXS61voFxhIs2DeRhCvJ4=
 github.com/klauspost/pgzip v1.2.6/go.mod h1:Ch1tH69qFZu15pkjo5kYi6mth2Zzwzt50oCQKQE9RUs=
-github.com/kr/pretty v0.1.0 h1:L/CwN0zerZDmRFUapSPitk6f+Q3+0za1rQkzVuMiMFI=
-github.com/kr/pretty v0.1.0/go.mod h1:dAy3ld7l9f0ibDNOQOHHMYYIIbhfbHSm3C4ZsoJORNo=
-github.com/kr/pty v1.1.1/go.mod h1:pFQYn66WHrOpPYNljwOMqo10TkYh1fy3cYio2l3bCsQ=
-github.com/kr/text v0.1.0 h1:45sCR5RtlFHMR4UwH9sdQ5TC8v0qDQCHnXt+kaKSTVE=
-github.com/kr/text v0.1.0/go.mod h1:4Jbv+DJW3UT/LiOwJeYQe1efqtUx/iVham/4vfdArNI=
+github.com/kr/pretty v0.3.1 h1:flRD4NNwYAUpkphVc1HcthR4KEIFJ65n8Mw5qdRn3LE=
+github.com/kr/pretty v0.3.1/go.mod h1:hoEshYVHaxMs3cyo3Yncou5ZscifuDolrwPKZanG3xk=
+github.com/kr/text v0.2.0 h1:5Nx0Ya0ZqY2ygV366QzturHI13Jq95ApcVaJBhpS+AY=
+github.com/kr/text v0.2.0/go.mod h1:eLer722TekiGuMkidMxC/pM04lWEeraHUUmBw8l2grE=
+github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.13 h1:fFA4WZxdEF4tXPZVKMLwD8oUnCTTo08duU7wxecdEvA=
+github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.13/go.mod h1:7S9/ev0klgBDR4GtXTXX8a3vIGJpMovkB8vQcUbaXHg=
+github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.16/go.mod h1:kYGgaQfpe5nmfYZH+SKPsOc2e4SrIfOl2e/yFXSvRLM=
+github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.19/go.mod h1:W+V8PltTTMOvKvAeJH7IuucS94S2C6jfK/D7dTCTo3Y=
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+github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3 v1.14.6/go.mod h1:NyWgC/yNuGj7Q9rpYnZvas74GogHl5/Z4A/KQRfk6bU=
 github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3 v1.14.32 h1:JD12Ag3oLy1zQA+BNn74xRgaBbdhbNIDYvQUEuuErjs=
 github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3 v1.14.32/go.mod h1:Uh1q+B4BYcTPb+yiD3kU8Ct7aC0hY9fxUwlHK0RXw+Y=
+github.com/minio/highwayhash v1.0.4-0.20251030100505-070ab1a87a76 h1:KGuD/pM2JpL9FAYvBrnBBeENKZNh6eNtjqytV6TYjnk=
+github.com/minio/highwayhash v1.0.4-0.20251030100505-070ab1a87a76/go.mod h1:GGYsuwP/fPD6Y9hMiXuapVvlIUEhFhMTh0rxU3ik1LQ=
+github.com/nats-io/jwt/v2 v2.8.0 h1:K7uzyz50+yGZDO5o772eRE7atlcSEENpL7P+b74JV1g=
+github.com/nats-io/jwt/v2 v2.8.0/go.mod h1:me11pOkwObtcBNR8AiMrUbtVOUGkqYjMQZ6jnSdVUIA=
+github.com/nats-io/nats-server/v2 v2.12.2 h1:4TEQd0Y4zvcW0IsVxjlXnRso1hBkQl3TS0BI+SxgPhE=
+github.com/nats-io/nats-server/v2 v2.12.2/go.mod h1:j1AAttYeu7WnvD8HLJ+WWKNMSyxsqmZ160pNtCQRMyE=
+github.com/nats-io/nats.go v1.48.0 h1:pSFyXApG+yWU/TgbKCjmm5K4wrHu86231/w84qRVR+U=
+github.com/nats-io/nats.go v1.48.0/go.mod h1:iRWIPokVIFbVijxuMQq4y9ttaBTMe0SFdlZfMDd+33g=
+github.com/nats-io/nkeys v0.4.12 h1:nssm7JKOG9/x4J8II47VWCL1Ds29avyiQDRn0ckMvDc=
+github.com/nats-io/nkeys v0.4.12/go.mod h1:MT59A1HYcjIcyQDJStTfaOY6vhy9XTUjOFo+SVsvpBg=
+github.com/nats-io/nuid v1.0.1 h1:5iA8DT8V7q8WK2EScv2padNa/rTESc1KdnPw4TC2paw=
+github.com/nats-io/nuid v1.0.1/go.mod h1:19wcPz3Ph3q0Jbyiqsd0kePYG7A95tJPxeL+1OSON2c=
 github.com/pierrec/lz4/v4 v4.1.18 h1:xaKrnTkyoqfh1YItXl56+6KJNVYWlEEPuAQW9xsplYQ=
 github.com/pierrec/lz4/v4 v4.1.18/go.mod h1:gZWDp/Ze/IJXGXf23ltt2EXimqmTUXEy0GFuRQyBid4=
-github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 h1:4DBwDE0NGyQoBHbLQYPwSUPoCMWR5BEzIk/f1lZbAQM=
+github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1/go.mod h1:bwawxfHBFNV+L2hUp1rHADufV3IMtnDRdf1r5NINEl0=
 github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0/go.mod h1:iKH77koFhYxTK1pcRnkKkqfTogsbg7gZNVY4sRDYZ/4=
+github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.1-0.20181226105442-5d4384ee4fb2 h1:Jamvg5psRIccs7FGNTlIRMkT8wgtp5eCXdBlqhYGL6U=
+github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.1-0.20181226105442-5d4384ee4fb2/go.mod h1:iKH77koFhYxTK1pcRnkKkqfTogsbg7gZNVY4sRDYZ/4=
+github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.14.1 h1:UQB4HGPB6osV0SQTLymcB4TgvyWu6ZyliaW0tI/otEQ=
+github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.14.1/go.mod h1:MaRKkUm5W0goXpeCfT7UZI6fk/L7L7so1lCWt35ZSgc=
+github.com/rs/xid v1.6.0/go.mod h1:7XoLgs4eV+QndskICGsho+ADou8ySMSjJKDIan90Nz0=
+github.com/rs/zerolog v1.34.0 h1:k43nTLIwcTVQAncfCw4KZ2VY6ukYoZaBPNOE8txlOeY=
+github.com/rs/zerolog v1.34.0/go.mod h1:bJsvje4Z08ROH4Nhs5iH600c3IkWhwp44iRc54W6wYQ=
 github.com/starfederation/datastar-go v1.0.3 h1:DnzgsJ6tDHDM6y5Nxsk0AGW/m8SyKch2vQg3P1xGTcU=
 github.com/starfederation/datastar-go v1.0.3/go.mod h1:stm83LQkhZkwa5GzzdPEN6dLuu8FVwxIv0w1DYkbD3w=
 github.com/stretchr/objx v0.1.0/go.mod h1:HFkY916IF+rwdDfMAkV7OtwuqBVzrE8GR6GFx+wExME=
@@ -36,8 +75,8 @@ github.com/stretchr/objx v0.5.0/go.mod h1:Yh+to48EsGEfYuaHDzXPcE3xhTkx73EhmCGUpE
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.7.1/go.mod h1:6Fq8oRcR53rry900zMqJjRRixrwX3KX962/h/Wwjteg=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.0/go.mod h1:yNjHg4UonilssWZ8iaSj1OCr/vHnekPRkoO+kdMU+MU=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.4/go.mod h1:sz/lmYIOXD/1dqDmKjjqLyZ2RngseejIcXlSw2iwfAo=
-github.com/stretchr/testify v1.10.0 h1:Xv5erBjTwe/5IxqUQTdXv5kgmIvbHo3QQyRwhJsOfJA=
-github.com/stretchr/testify v1.10.0/go.mod h1:r2ic/lqez/lEtzL7wO/rwa5dbSLXVDPFyf8C91i36aY=
+github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1 h1:7s2iGBzp5EwR7/aIZr8ao5+dra3wiQyKjjFuvgVKu7U=
+github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1/go.mod h1:wZwfW3scLgRK+23gO65QZefKpKQRnfz6sD981Nm4B6U=
 github.com/ulikunitz/xz v0.5.11/go.mod h1:nbz6k7qbPmH4IRqmfOplQw/tblSgqTqBwxkY0oWt/14=
 github.com/valyala/bytebufferpool v1.0.0 h1:GqA5TC/0021Y/b9FG4Oi9Mr3q7XYx6KllzawFIhcdPw=
 github.com/valyala/bytebufferpool v1.0.0/go.mod h1:6bBcMArwyJ5K/AmCkWv1jt77kVWyCJ6HpOuEn7z0Csc=
@@ -45,9 +84,19 @@ github.com/valyala/gozstd v1.20.1 h1:xPnnnvjmaDDitMFfDxmQ4vpx0+3CdTg2o3lALvXTU/g
 github.com/valyala/gozstd v1.20.1/go.mod h1:y5Ew47GLlP37EkTB+B4s7r6A5rdaeB7ftbl9zoYiIPQ=
 github.com/xyproto/randomstring v1.0.5 h1:YtlWPoRdgMu3NZtP45drfy1GKoojuR7hmRcnhZqKjWU=
 github.com/xyproto/randomstring v1.0.5/go.mod h1:rgmS5DeNXLivK7YprL0pY+lTuhNQW3iGxZ18UQApw/E=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.45.0 h1:jMBrvKuj23MTlT0bQEOBcAE0mjg8mK9RXFhRH6nyF3Q=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.45.0/go.mod h1:XTGrrkGJve7CYK7J8PEww4aY7gM3qMCElcJQ8n8JdX4=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220811171246-fbc7d0a398ab/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.6.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.12.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.21.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.38.0 h1:3yZWxaJjBmCWXqhN1qh02AkOnCQ1poK6oF+a7xWL6Gc=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.38.0/go.mod h1:OgkHotnGiDImocRcuBABYBEXf8A9a87e/uXjp9XT3ks=
+golang.org/x/time v0.14.0 h1:MRx4UaLrDotUKUdCIqzPC48t1Y9hANFKIRpNx+Te8PI=
+golang.org/x/time v0.14.0/go.mod h1:eL/Oa2bBBK0TkX57Fyni+NgnyQQN4LitPmob2Hjnqw4=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
-gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20190902080502-41f04d3bba15 h1:YR8cESwS4TdDjEe65xsg0ogRM/Nc3DYOhEAlW+xobZo=
-gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20190902080502-41f04d3bba15/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
+gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20201130134442-10cb98267c6c h1:Hei/4ADfdWqJk1ZMxUNpqntNwaWcugrBjAiHlqqRiVk=
+gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20201130134442-10cb98267c6c/go.mod h1:JHkPIbrfpd72SG/EVd6muEfDQjcINNoR0C8j2r3qZ4Q=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.0-20200313102051-9f266ea9e77c/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 h1:fxVm/GzAzEWqLHuvctI91KS9hhNmmWOoWu0XTYJS7CA=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=

h/datastar.go

@@ -11,3 +11,11 @@ func DataEffect(expression string) H {
 func DataIgnoreMorph() H {
 	return Attr("data-ignore-morph")
 }
+
+// DataViewTransition sets the view-transition-name CSS property on an element
+// via an inline style. Elements with matching names animate between pages
+// during SPA navigation. If the element also needs other inline styles,
+// include view-transition-name directly in the Style() call instead.
+func DataViewTransition(name string) H {
+	return Attr("style", "view-transition-name: "+name)
+}

internal/examples/chatroom/main.go

@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ package main
 import (
 	"math/rand"
 
-	"github.com/go-via/via"
-	"github.com/go-via/via/h"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
 )
 
 var (
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ func main() {
 	v.Config(via.Options{
 		DevMode:       true,
 		DocumentTitle: "ViaChat",
-		LogLvl:        via.LogLevelInfo,
+		LogLevel:      via.LogLevelInfo,
 	})
 
 	v.AppendToHead(

internal/examples/counter/main.go

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 package main
 
 import (
-	"github.com/go-via/via"
-	"github.com/go-via/via/h"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
 )
 
 type Counter struct{ Count int }

internal/examples/countercomp/main.go

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 package main
 
 import (
-	"github.com/go-via/via"
-	"github.com/go-via/via/h"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
 )
 
 func main() {

internal/examples/greeter/main.go

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 package main
 
 import (
-	"github.com/go-via/via"
-	"github.com/go-via/via/h"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
 )
 
 func main() {

internal/examples/keyboard/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
+)
+
+const gridSize = 8
+
+func main() {
+	v := via.New()
+	v.Config(via.Options{DocumentTitle: "Keyboard", ServerAddress: ":7331"})
+
+	v.Page("/", func(c *via.Context) {
+		x, y := 0, 0
+		dir := c.Signal("")
+
+		move := c.Action(func() {
+			switch dir.String() {
+			case "up":
+				y = max(0, y-1)
+			case "down":
+				y = min(gridSize-1, y+1)
+			case "left":
+				x = max(0, x-1)
+			case "right":
+				x = min(gridSize-1, x+1)
+			}
+			c.Sync()
+		})
+
+		c.View(func() h.H {
+			var rows []h.H
+			for row := range gridSize {
+				var cells []h.H
+				for col := range gridSize {
+					bg := "#e0e0e0"
+					if col == x && row == y {
+						bg = "#4a90d9"
+					}
+					cells = append(cells, h.Div(
+						h.Attr("style", fmt.Sprintf(
+							"width:48px;height:48px;background:%s;border:1px solid #ccc;",
+							bg,
+						)),
+					))
+				}
+				rows = append(rows, h.Div(
+					append([]h.H{h.Attr("style", "display:flex;")}, cells...)...,
+				))
+			}
+
+			return h.Div(
+				h.H1(h.Text("Keyboard Grid")),
+				h.P(h.Text("Move with WASD or arrow keys")),
+				h.Div(rows...),
+				via.OnKeyDownMap(
+					via.KeyBind("w", move, via.WithSignal(dir, "up")),
+					via.KeyBind("a", move, via.WithSignal(dir, "left")),
+					via.KeyBind("s", move, via.WithSignal(dir, "down")),
+					via.KeyBind("d", move, via.WithSignal(dir, "right")),
+					via.KeyBind("ArrowUp", move, via.WithSignal(dir, "up"), via.WithPreventDefault()),
+					via.KeyBind("ArrowLeft", move, via.WithSignal(dir, "left"), via.WithPreventDefault()),
+					via.KeyBind("ArrowDown", move, via.WithSignal(dir, "down"), via.WithPreventDefault()),
+					via.KeyBind("ArrowRight", move, via.WithSignal(dir, "right"), via.WithPreventDefault()),
+				),
+			)
+		})
+	})
+
+	v.Start()
+}

internal/examples/livereload/main.go

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 package main
 
 import (
-	"github.com/go-via/via"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via"
 	// "github.com/go-via/via-plugin-picocss/picocss"
-	"github.com/go-via/via/h"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
 )
 
 type Counter struct{ Count int }
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ func main() {
 	v.Config(via.Options{
 		DocumentTitle: "Live Reload Demo",
 		DevMode:       true,
-		LogLvl:        via.LogLevelDebug,
+		LogLevel:      via.LogLevelDebug,
 		Plugins:       []via.Plugin{
 			// picocss.Default
 		},

internal/examples/middleware/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	v := via.New()
+	v.Config(via.Options{
+		ServerAddress: ":8080",
+		DocumentTitle: "Middleware Example",
+	})
+
+	// --- Middleware definitions ---
+
+	// requestLogger logs every page request to stdout.
+	requestLogger := func(c *via.Context, next func()) {
+		fmt.Printf("[%s] request\n", time.Now().Format("15:04:05"))
+		next()
+	}
+
+	// authRequired redirects unauthenticated users to /login.
+	authRequired := func(c *via.Context, next func()) {
+		if c.Session().GetString("role") == "" {
+			c.RedirectView("/login")
+			return
+		}
+		next()
+	}
+
+	// auditLog prints the authenticated username to stdout.
+	auditLog := func(c *via.Context, next func()) {
+		fmt.Printf("[audit] user=%s\n", c.Session().GetString("username"))
+		next()
+	}
+
+	// superAdminOnly rejects non-superadmin users with a forbidden view.
+	superAdminOnly := func(c *via.Context, next func()) {
+		if c.Session().GetString("role") != "superadmin" {
+			c.View(func() h.H {
+				return h.Div(
+					h.H1(h.Text("Forbidden")),
+					h.P(h.Text("Super-admin access required.")),
+					h.A(h.Href("/admin/dashboard"), h.Text("Back to dashboard")),
+				)
+			})
+			return
+		}
+		next()
+	}
+
+	// --- Route registration ---
+
+	v.Use(requestLogger) // global middleware
+
+	admin := v.Group("/admin", authRequired)            // prefixed group
+	admin.Use(auditLog)                                 // Group.Use()
+	superAdmin := admin.Group("/super", superAdminOnly) // nested group
+
+	// Public: redirect root to login
+	v.Page("/", func(c *via.Context) {
+		c.View(func() h.H {
+			c.Redirect("/login")
+			return h.Div()
+		})
+	})
+
+	// Public: login page with role-selection buttons
+	v.Page("/login", func(c *via.Context) {
+		loginAdmin := c.Action(func() {
+			c.Session().Set("role", "admin")
+			c.Session().Set("username", "alice")
+			c.Session().RenewToken()
+			c.Redirect("/admin/dashboard")
+		})
+
+		loginSuper := c.Action(func() {
+			c.Session().Set("role", "superadmin")
+			c.Session().Set("username", "bob")
+			c.Session().RenewToken()
+			c.Redirect("/admin/dashboard")
+		})
+
+		c.View(func() h.H {
+			return h.Div(
+				h.H1(h.Text("Login")),
+				h.P(h.Text("Choose a role:")),
+				h.Button(h.Text("Login as Admin"), loginAdmin.OnClick()),
+				h.Raw(" "),
+				h.Button(h.Text("Login as Super Admin"), loginSuper.OnClick()),
+			)
+		})
+	})
+
+	// Per-action middleware: only superadmins can invoke this action.
+	requireSuperAdmin := func(c *via.Context, next func()) {
+		if c.Session().GetString("role") != "superadmin" {
+			return
+		}
+		next()
+	}
+
+	// Admin: dashboard (requires authRequired + auditLog)
+	admin.Page("/dashboard", func(c *via.Context) {
+		logout := c.Action(func() {
+			c.Session().Delete("role")
+			c.Session().Delete("username")
+			c.Redirect("/login")
+		})
+
+		dangerAction := c.Action(func() {
+			fmt.Printf("[danger] executed by %s\n", c.Session().GetString("username"))
+			c.Sync()
+		}, via.WithMiddleware(requireSuperAdmin))
+
+		c.View(func() h.H {
+			username := c.Session().GetString("username")
+			role := c.Session().GetString("role")
+			return h.Div(
+				h.H1(h.Textf("Dashboard — %s (%s)", username, role)),
+				h.Ul(
+					h.Li(h.A(h.Href("/admin/super/settings"), h.Text("Super Admin Settings"))),
+				),
+				h.H2(h.Text("Danger Zone")),
+				h.P(h.Text("This action is protected by per-action middleware (superadmin only):")),
+				h.Button(h.Text("Delete Everything"), dangerAction.OnClick()),
+				h.Br(),
+				h.Br(),
+				h.Button(h.Text("Logout"), logout.OnClick()),
+			)
+		})
+	})
+
+	// Super-admin: settings (requires authRequired + auditLog + superAdminOnly)
+	superAdmin.Page("/settings", func(c *via.Context) {
+		c.View(func() h.H {
+			username := c.Session().GetString("username")
+			return h.Div(
+				h.H1(h.Textf("Super Admin Settings — %s", username)),
+				h.P(h.Text("Only super-admins can see this page.")),
+				h.A(h.Href("/admin/dashboard"), h.Text("Back to dashboard")),
+			)
+		})
+	})
+
+	v.Start()
+}

internal/examples/nats-chatroom/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+# NATS Chatroom Example (Embedded)
+
+A chatroom built with Via and an **embedded NATS server**, demonstrating pub/sub messaging as an alternative to the custom `Rooms` implementation in `../chatroom`.
+
+Uses `delaneyj/toolbelt/embeddednats` to run NATS inside the same binary - no external server required.
+
+## Key Differences from Original Chatroom
+
+| Aspect | Original (`../chatroom`) | This Example |
+|--------|-------------------------|--------------|
+| Pub/sub | Custom `Rooms` struct (~160 lines) | NATS subjects |
+| Member tracking | Manual `map[TU]Syncable` | NATS handles subscribers |
+| Publish timing | Ticker every 100ms + dirty flag | Instant delivery |
+| Durability | None (in-memory) | JetStream persists to disk |
+| Multi-instance | Not supported | Works across server instances |
+| External deps | None | **None** (NATS embedded in binary) |
+
+## Run the Example
+
+```bash
+go run ./internal/examples/nats-chatroom
+```
+
+That's it. No separate NATS server needed.
+
+Open multiple browser tabs at http://localhost:7331 to see messages broadcast across all clients.
+
+## How Embedded NATS Works
+
+```go
+// Start embedded NATS server (JetStream enabled by default)
+ns, err := embeddednats.New(ctx,
+    embeddednats.WithDirectory("./data/nats"),
+)
+ns.WaitForServer()
+
+// Get client connection to embedded server
+nc, err := ns.Client()
+```
+
+Data is persisted to `./data/nats/` for JetStream durability.
+
+## Architecture
+
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│                    Single Binary                         │
+│                                                          │
+│  Browser A          Embedded NATS         Browser B      │
+│      │                   │                    │          │
+│      │-- Via Action ---> │                    │          │
+│      │   (Send msg)      │                    │          │
+│      │                   │                    │          │
+│      │              nc.Publish()              │          │
+│      │              "chat.room.Go"            │          │
+│      │                   │                    │          │
+│      │<-- Subscribe -----|---- Subscribe --->│          │
+│      │    callback       │    callback        │          │
+│      │                   │                    │          │
+│      │-- c.Sync() ------>│<--- c.Sync() -----|          │
+│      │   (SSE)           │     (SSE)          │          │
+│                                                          │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+## JetStream Durability
+
+Messages persist to disk via JetStream:
+
+```go
+js.AddStream(&nats.StreamConfig{
+    Name:      "CHAT",
+    Subjects:  []string{"chat.>"},
+    MaxMsgs:   1000,  // Keep last 1000 messages
+    MaxAge:    24 * time.Hour,
+})
+```
+
+Stop and restart the app - chat history survives.
+
+## Code Comparison
+
+**Original chatroom - 160+ lines of custom pub/sub:**
+- `Rooms` struct with named rooms
+- `Room` with member tracking, mutex, dirty flag
+- Ticker-based publish loop
+- Manual join/leave channels
+
+**This example - ~60 lines of NATS integration:**
+- `embeddednats.New()` starts the server
+- `nc.Subscribe(subject, handler)` for receiving
+- `nc.Publish(subject, data)` for sending
+- NATS handles delivery, no polling
+
+## Next Steps
+
+If this pattern proves useful, it could be promoted to a Via plugin:
+
+```go
+// Hypothetical future API
+v.Config(via.WithEmbeddedNATS("./data/nats"))
+
+// In page init
+c.Subscribe("events.user.*", func(data []byte) {
+    c.Sync()
+})
+
+c.Publish("events.user.login", userData)
+```

internal/examples/nats-chatroom/chat.css

@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+body { margin: 0; }
+
+/* Layout navbar */
+.app-nav {
+	display: flex;
+	align-items: center;
+	gap: 1rem;
+	padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
+	background: var(--pico-card-background-color);
+	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--pico-muted-border-color);
+}
+.app-nav .brand {
+	font-weight: 700;
+	text-decoration: none;
+	margin-right: auto;
+}
+.nav-links {
+	display: flex;
+	gap: 1rem;
+}
+.nav-links a {
+	text-decoration: none;
+	font-size: 0.875rem;
+}
+
+/* Chat page */
+.chat-page {
+	display: flex;
+	flex-direction: column;
+	height: calc(100vh - 53px);
+}
+nav[role="tab-control"] ul li a[aria-current="page"] {
+	background-color: var(--pico-primary-background);
+	color: var(--pico-primary-inverse);
+	border-bottom: 2px solid var(--pico-primary);
+}
+.chat-message { display: flex; gap: 0.75rem; margin-bottom: 0.5rem; }
+.avatar {
+	width: 2rem;
+	height: 2rem;
+	border-radius: 50%;
+	background: var(--pico-muted-border-color);
+	display: grid;
+	place-items: center;
+	font-size: 1.5rem;
+	flex-shrink: 0;
+}
+.avatar-lg {
+	width: 3rem;
+	height: 3rem;
+	font-size: 2rem;
+}
+.bubble { flex: 1; }
+.bubble p { margin: 0; }
+.chat-history {
+	flex: 1;
+	overflow-y: auto;
+	padding: 1rem;
+	padding-bottom: calc(88px + env(safe-area-inset-bottom));
+}
+.chat-input {
+	position: fixed;
+	left: 0;
+	right: 0;
+	bottom: 0;
+	background: var(--pico-background-color);
+	display: flex;
+	align-items: center;
+	gap: 0.75rem;
+	padding: 0.75rem 1rem calc(0.75rem + env(safe-area-inset-bottom));
+	border-top: 1px solid var(--pico-muted-border-color);
+}
+.chat-input fieldset {
+	flex: 1;
+	margin: 0;
+}
+
+/* NATS badge with status dot */
+.nats-badge {
+	background: #27AAE1;
+	color: white;
+	padding: 0.25rem 0.5rem;
+	border-radius: 4px;
+	font-size: 0.75rem;
+	margin-left: auto;
+	display: flex;
+	align-items: center;
+	gap: 0.375rem;
+}
+.status-dot {
+	width: 8px;
+	height: 8px;
+	border-radius: 50%;
+	background: #4ade80;
+	animation: pulse 2s ease-in-out infinite;
+}
+@keyframes pulse {
+	0%, 100% { opacity: 1; }
+	50% { opacity: 0.4; }
+}
+
+/* Profile page */
+.profile-page {
+	max-width: 480px;
+	margin: 0 auto;
+	padding: 2rem 1rem;
+}
+.profile-preview {
+	display: flex;
+	align-items: center;
+	gap: 0.75rem;
+	margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
+	padding: 1rem;
+	background: var(--pico-card-background-color);
+	border-radius: 8px;
+}
+.preview-name {
+	font-size: 1.125rem;
+	font-weight: 600;
+}
+.profile-form label {
+	display: block;
+	margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
+}
+.emoji-grid {
+	display: grid;
+	grid-template-columns: repeat(10, 1fr);
+	gap: 0.25rem;
+	margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
+}
+.emoji-option {
+	padding: 0.375rem;
+	font-size: 1.25rem;
+	border: 2px solid transparent;
+	border-radius: 8px;
+	background: none;
+	cursor: pointer;
+	text-align: center;
+}
+.emoji-option:hover {
+	background: var(--pico-muted-border-color);
+}
+.emoji-selected {
+	border-color: var(--pico-primary);
+	background: var(--pico-primary-focus);
+}
+.profile-actions {
+	display: flex;
+	gap: 0.75rem;
+}
+.field-error {
+	color: var(--pico-del-color);
+}

internal/examples/nats-chatroom/chat.go

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
+)
+
+var (
+	WithSignal = via.WithSignal
+)
+
+func ChatPage(c *via.Context) {
+	currentUser := UserInfo{
+		Name:  c.Session().GetString(SessionKeyUsername),
+		Emoji: c.Session().GetString(SessionKeyEmoji),
+	}
+
+	roomSignal := c.Signal("Go")
+	statement := c.Signal("")
+
+	var messages []ChatMessage
+	var messagesMu sync.Mutex
+	currentRoom := "Go"
+
+	var currentSub via.Subscription
+
+	subscribeToRoom := func(room string) {
+		if currentSub != nil {
+			currentSub.Unsubscribe()
+		}
+
+		subject := "chat.room." + room
+
+		if hist, err := via.ReplayHistory[ChatMessage](v, subject, 50); err == nil {
+			messages = hist
+		}
+
+		sub, _ := via.Subscribe(c, subject, func(msg ChatMessage) {
+			messagesMu.Lock()
+			messages = append(messages, msg)
+			if len(messages) > 50 {
+				messages = messages[len(messages)-50:]
+			}
+			messagesMu.Unlock()
+			c.Sync()
+		})
+		currentSub = sub
+		currentRoom = room
+	}
+
+	subscribeToRoom("Go")
+
+	// Heartbeat — keeps connected indicator alive
+	connected := true
+	c.OnInterval(30*time.Second, func() {
+		connected = true
+		c.Sync()
+	})
+
+	switchRoom := c.Action(func() {
+		newRoom := roomSignal.String()
+		if newRoom != currentRoom {
+			messagesMu.Lock()
+			messages = nil
+			messagesMu.Unlock()
+			subscribeToRoom(newRoom)
+			c.Sync()
+		}
+	})
+
+	say := c.Action(func() {
+		msg := statement.String()
+		if msg == "" {
+			msg = randomDevQuote()
+		}
+		statement.SetValue("")
+
+		via.Publish(c, "chat.room."+currentRoom, ChatMessage{
+			User:    currentUser,
+			Message: msg,
+			Time:    time.Now().UnixMilli(),
+		})
+	})
+
+	c.View(func() h.H {
+		var tabs []h.H
+		for _, name := range roomNames {
+			isCurrent := name == currentRoom
+			tabs = append(tabs, h.Li(
+				h.A(
+					h.If(isCurrent, h.Attr("aria-current", "page")),
+					h.Text(name),
+					switchRoom.OnClick(WithSignal(roomSignal, name)),
+				),
+			))
+		}
+
+		messagesMu.Lock()
+		chatHistoryChildren := []h.H{
+			h.Class("chat-history"),
+			h.Script(h.Raw(`new MutationObserver(()=>scrollChatToBottom()).observe(document.querySelector('.chat-history'), {childList:true})`)),
+		}
+		for _, msg := range messages {
+			chatHistoryChildren = append(chatHistoryChildren,
+				h.Div(h.Class("chat-message"),
+					h.Div(h.Class("avatar"), h.Attr("title", msg.User.Name), h.Text(msg.User.Emoji)),
+					h.Div(h.Class("bubble"),
+						h.P(h.Text(msg.Message)),
+					),
+				),
+			)
+		}
+		messagesMu.Unlock()
+
+		_ = connected
+
+		return h.Div(h.Class("chat-page"),
+			h.Nav(
+				h.Attr("role", "tab-control"),
+				h.Ul(tabs...),
+				h.Span(h.Class("nats-badge"),
+					h.Span(h.Class("status-dot")),
+					h.Text("NATS"),
+				),
+			),
+			h.Div(chatHistoryChildren...),
+			h.Div(
+				h.Class("chat-input"),
+				h.DataIgnoreMorph(),
+				currentUser.Avatar(),
+				h.FieldSet(
+					h.Attr("role", "group"),
+					h.Input(
+						h.Type("text"),
+						h.Placeholder(currentUser.Name+" says..."),
+						statement.Bind(),
+						h.Attr("autofocus"),
+						say.OnKeyDown("Enter"),
+					),
+					h.Button(h.Text("Send"), say.OnClick()),
+				),
+			),
+		)
+	})
+}

internal/examples/nats-chatroom/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	_ "embed"
+	"log"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
+)
+
+//go:embed chat.css
+var chatCSS string
+
+var v *via.V
+
+func main() {
+	v = via.New()
+	v.Config(via.Options{
+		DevMode:       true,
+		DocumentTitle: "NATS Chat",
+		LogLevel:      via.LogLevelInfo,
+		ServerAddress: ":7331",
+	})
+
+	err := via.EnsureStream(v, via.StreamConfig{
+		Name:     "CHAT",
+		Subjects: []string{"chat.>"},
+		MaxMsgs:  1000,
+		MaxAge:   24 * time.Hour,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("Failed to ensure stream: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	v.AppendToHead(
+		h.Link(h.Rel("stylesheet"), h.Href("https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@picocss/pico@2/css/pico.min.css")),
+		h.StyleEl(h.Raw(chatCSS)),
+		h.Script(h.Raw(`
+			function scrollChatToBottom() {
+				const chatHistory = document.querySelector('.chat-history');
+				if (chatHistory) chatHistory.scrollTop = chatHistory.scrollHeight;
+			}
+		`)),
+	)
+
+	v.Layout(func(content func() h.H) h.H {
+		return h.Div(
+			h.Nav(h.Class("app-nav"),
+				h.A(h.Href("/"), h.Class("brand"), h.Text("NATS Chat")),
+				h.Div(h.Class("nav-links"),
+					h.A(h.Href("/"), h.Text("Chat")),
+					h.A(h.Href("/profile"), h.Text("Profile")),
+				),
+			),
+			h.Main(h.Class("container"),
+				h.DataViewTransition("page-content"),
+				content(),
+			),
+		)
+	})
+
+	// Profile page — public, no auth required
+	v.Page("/profile", ProfilePage)
+
+	// Auth middleware — redirects to profile if no identity set
+	requireProfile := func(c *via.Context, next func()) {
+		if c.Session().GetString(SessionKeyUsername) == "" {
+			c.RedirectView("/profile")
+			return
+		}
+		next()
+	}
+
+	// Chat page — protected by profile middleware
+	protected := v.Group("", requireProfile)
+	protected.Page("/", ChatPage)
+
+	log.Println("Starting NATS chatroom on :7331 (embedded NATS server)")
+	v.Start()
+}

internal/examples/nats-chatroom/profile.go

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
+)
+
+func ProfilePage(c *via.Context) {
+	existingName := c.Session().GetString(SessionKeyUsername)
+	existingEmoji := c.Session().GetString(SessionKeyEmoji)
+	if existingEmoji == "" {
+		existingEmoji = emojiChoices[0]
+	}
+
+	nameField := c.Field(existingName,
+		via.Required("Display name is required"),
+		via.MinLen(2, "Must be at least 2 characters"),
+		via.MaxLen(20, "Must be at most 20 characters"),
+	)
+	selectedEmoji := c.Signal(existingEmoji)
+
+	saveToSession := func() bool {
+		if !c.ValidateAll() {
+			c.Sync()
+			return false
+		}
+		c.Session().Set(SessionKeyUsername, nameField.String())
+		c.Session().Set(SessionKeyEmoji, selectedEmoji.String())
+		return true
+	}
+
+	save := c.Action(func() {
+		saveToSession()
+	})
+
+	saveAndChat := c.Action(func() {
+		if saveToSession() {
+			c.Navigate("/", false)
+		}
+	})
+
+	c.View(func() h.H {
+		// Emoji grid
+		emojiGrid := []h.H{h.Class("emoji-grid")}
+		for _, emoji := range emojiChoices {
+			cls := "emoji-option"
+			if emoji == selectedEmoji.String() {
+				cls += " emoji-selected"
+			}
+			emojiGrid = append(emojiGrid,
+				h.Button(
+					h.Class(cls),
+					h.Type("button"),
+					h.Text(emoji),
+					save.OnClick(WithSignal(selectedEmoji, emoji)),
+				),
+			)
+		}
+
+		// Action buttons — "Start Chatting" only if editing is meaningful
+		actionButtons := []h.H{h.Class("profile-actions")}
+		if existingName != "" {
+			actionButtons = append(actionButtons,
+				h.Button(h.Text("Save"), save.OnClick(), h.Class("secondary")),
+			)
+		}
+		actionButtons = append(actionButtons,
+			h.Button(h.Text("Start Chatting"), saveAndChat.OnClick()),
+		)
+
+		previewName := nameField.String()
+		if previewName == "" {
+			previewName = "Your Name"
+		}
+
+		return h.Div(h.Class("profile-page"),
+			h.H2(h.Text("Your Profile"), h.DataViewTransition("page-title")),
+
+			// Live preview
+			h.Div(h.Class("profile-preview"),
+				h.Div(h.Class("avatar avatar-lg"), h.Text(selectedEmoji.String())),
+				h.Span(h.Class("preview-name"), h.Text(previewName)),
+			),
+
+			h.Div(h.Class("profile-form"),
+				// Name field
+				h.Label(h.Text("Display Name"),
+					h.Input(
+						h.Type("text"),
+						h.Placeholder("Enter a display name"),
+						nameField.Bind(),
+						h.Attr("autofocus"),
+						saveAndChat.OnKeyDown("Enter"),
+						h.If(nameField.HasError(), h.Attr("aria-invalid", "true")),
+					),
+					h.If(nameField.HasError(),
+						h.Small(h.Class("field-error"), h.Text(nameField.FirstError())),
+					),
+				),
+
+				// Emoji picker
+				h.Label(h.Text("Choose an Avatar")),
+				h.Div(emojiGrid...),
+
+				// Actions
+				h.Div(actionButtons...),
+			),
+		)
+	})
+}

internal/examples/nats-chatroom/types.go

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+package main
+
+import "github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
+
+const (
+	SessionKeyUsername = "username"
+	SessionKeyEmoji    = "emoji"
+)
+
+type ChatMessage struct {
+	User    UserInfo `json:"user"`
+	Message string   `json:"message"`
+	Time    int64    `json:"time"`
+}
+
+type UserInfo struct {
+	Name  string `json:"name"`
+	Emoji string `json:"emoji"`
+}
+
+func (u *UserInfo) Avatar() h.H {
+	return h.Div(h.Class("avatar"), h.Attr("title", u.Name), h.Text(u.Emoji))
+}
+
+var roomNames = []string{"Go", "Rust", "Python", "JavaScript", "Clojure"}
+
+var emojiChoices = []string{
+	"🐼", "🐯", "🦅", "🐬", "🦊", "🐺", "🐻", "🦦", "🦁", "🐸",
+	"🦄", "🐙", "🦀", "🐝", "🦋", "🐢", "🦉", "🐳", "🦈", "🐧",
+}

internal/examples/nats-chatroom/userdata.go

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package main
+
+import "math/rand"
+
+var quoteIdx = rand.Intn(len(devQuotes))
+var devQuotes = []string{
+	"Just use NATS.",
+	"Pub/sub all the things!",
+	"Messages are the new API.",
+	"JetStream for durability.",
+	"No more polling.",
+	"Event-driven architecture FTW.",
+	"Decouple everything.",
+	"NATS is fast.",
+	"Subjects are like topics.",
+	"Request-reply is cool.",
+}
+
+func randomDevQuote() string {
+	quoteIdx = (quoteIdx + 1) % len(devQuotes)
+	return devQuotes[quoteIdx]
+}

internal/examples/pathparams/main.go

@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ package main
 import (
 	"strconv"
 
-	"github.com/go-via/via"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via"
 	// "github.com/go-via/via-plugin-picocss/picocss"
-	. "github.com/go-via/via/h"
+	. "github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
 )
 
 func main() {

internal/examples/picocss/main.go

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 package main
 
 import (
-	"github.com/go-via/via"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via"
 	// "github.com/go-via/via-plugin-picocss/picocss"
-	"github.com/go-via/via/h"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
 )
 
 type Counter struct{ Count int }

internal/examples/plugins/main.go

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ import (
 	_ "embed"
 	"net/http"
 
-	"github.com/go-via/via"
-	"github.com/go-via/via/h"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
 )
 
 // Example of a Via application with a plugin that adds PicoCSS. The plugin

internal/examples/pubsub-crud/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"fmt"
+	"html"
+	"log"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
+)
+
+var WithSignal = via.WithSignal
+
+type Bookmark struct {
+	ID    string
+	Title string
+	URL   string
+}
+
+type CRUDEvent struct {
+	Action string `json:"action"`
+	Title  string `json:"title"`
+	UserID string `json:"user_id"`
+}
+
+var (
+	bookmarks   []Bookmark
+	bookmarksMu sync.RWMutex
+)
+
+func randomHex(n int) string {
+	b := make([]byte, n)
+	rand.Read(b)
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%x", b)
+}
+
+func findBookmark(id string) (Bookmark, int) {
+	for i, bm := range bookmarks {
+		if bm.ID == id {
+			return bm, i
+		}
+	}
+	return Bookmark{}, -1
+}
+
+func main() {
+	v := via.New()
+	v.Config(via.Options{
+		DevMode:       true,
+		DocumentTitle: "Bookmarks",
+		LogLevel:      via.LogLevelInfo,
+		ServerAddress: ":7331",
+	})
+
+	err := via.EnsureStream(v, via.StreamConfig{
+		Name:     "BOOKMARKS",
+		Subjects: []string{"bookmarks.>"},
+		MaxMsgs:  1000,
+		MaxAge:   24 * time.Hour,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("Failed to ensure stream: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	v.AppendToHead(
+		h.Link(h.Rel("stylesheet"), h.Href("https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/daisyui@4/dist/full.min.css")),
+		h.Script(h.Src("https://cdn.tailwindcss.com")),
+	)
+
+	v.Page("/", func(c *via.Context) {
+		userID := randomHex(8)
+
+		titleSignal := c.Signal("")
+		urlSignal := c.Signal("")
+		targetIDSignal := c.Signal("")
+
+		via.Subscribe(c, "bookmarks.events", func(evt CRUDEvent) {
+			if evt.UserID == userID {
+				return
+			}
+			safeTitle := html.EscapeString(evt.Title)
+			var alertClass string
+			switch evt.Action {
+			case "created":
+				alertClass = "alert-success"
+			case "updated":
+				alertClass = "alert-info"
+			case "deleted":
+				alertClass = "alert-error"
+			}
+			c.ExecScript(fmt.Sprintf(`(function(){
+				var tc = document.getElementById('toast-container');
+				if (!tc) return;
+				var d = document.createElement('div');
+				d.className = 'alert %s';
+				d.innerHTML = '<span>Bookmark "%s" %s</span>';
+				tc.appendChild(d);
+				setTimeout(function(){ d.remove(); }, 3000);
+			})()`, alertClass, safeTitle, evt.Action))
+			c.Sync()
+		})
+
+		save := c.Action(func() {
+			title := titleSignal.String()
+			url := urlSignal.String()
+			if title == "" || url == "" {
+				return
+			}
+
+			targetID := targetIDSignal.String()
+			action := "created"
+
+			bookmarksMu.Lock()
+			if targetID != "" {
+				if _, idx := findBookmark(targetID); idx >= 0 {
+					bookmarks[idx].Title = title
+					bookmarks[idx].URL = url
+					action = "updated"
+				}
+			} else {
+				bookmarks = append(bookmarks, Bookmark{
+					ID:    randomHex(8),
+					Title: title,
+					URL:   url,
+				})
+			}
+			bookmarksMu.Unlock()
+
+			titleSignal.SetValue("")
+			urlSignal.SetValue("")
+			targetIDSignal.SetValue("")
+
+			via.Publish(c, "bookmarks.events", CRUDEvent{
+				Action: action,
+				Title:  title,
+				UserID: userID,
+			})
+			c.Sync()
+		})
+
+		edit := c.Action(func() {
+			id := targetIDSignal.String()
+			bookmarksMu.RLock()
+			bm, idx := findBookmark(id)
+			bookmarksMu.RUnlock()
+			if idx < 0 {
+				return
+			}
+			titleSignal.SetValue(bm.Title)
+			urlSignal.SetValue(bm.URL)
+		})
+
+		del := c.Action(func() {
+			id := targetIDSignal.String()
+			bookmarksMu.Lock()
+			bm, idx := findBookmark(id)
+			if idx >= 0 {
+				bookmarks = append(bookmarks[:idx], bookmarks[idx+1:]...)
+			}
+			bookmarksMu.Unlock()
+			if idx < 0 {
+				return
+			}
+
+			targetIDSignal.SetValue("")
+
+			via.Publish(c, "bookmarks.events", CRUDEvent{
+				Action: "deleted",
+				Title:  bm.Title,
+				UserID: userID,
+			})
+			c.Sync()
+		})
+
+		cancelEdit := c.Action(func() {
+			titleSignal.SetValue("")
+			urlSignal.SetValue("")
+			targetIDSignal.SetValue("")
+		})
+
+		c.View(func() h.H {
+			isEditing := targetIDSignal.String() != ""
+
+			// Build table rows
+			bookmarksMu.RLock()
+			var rows []h.H
+			for _, bm := range bookmarks {
+				rows = append(rows, h.Tr(
+					h.Td(h.Text(bm.Title)),
+					h.Td(h.A(h.Href(bm.URL), h.Attr("target", "_blank"), h.Class("link link-primary"), h.Text(bm.URL))),
+					h.Td(
+						h.Div(h.Class("flex gap-1"),
+							h.Button(h.Class("btn btn-xs btn-ghost"), h.Text("Edit"),
+								edit.OnClick(WithSignal(targetIDSignal, bm.ID)),
+							),
+							h.Button(h.Class("btn btn-xs btn-ghost text-error"), h.Text("Delete"),
+								del.OnClick(WithSignal(targetIDSignal, bm.ID)),
+							),
+						),
+					),
+				))
+			}
+			bookmarksMu.RUnlock()
+
+			saveLabel := "Add Bookmark"
+			if isEditing {
+				saveLabel = "Update Bookmark"
+			}
+
+			return h.Div(h.Class("min-h-screen bg-base-200"),
+				// Navbar
+				h.Div(h.Class("navbar bg-base-100 shadow-sm"),
+					h.Div(h.Class("flex-1"),
+						h.A(h.Class("btn btn-ghost text-xl"), h.Text("Bookmarks")),
+					),
+					h.Div(h.Class("flex-none"),
+						h.Div(h.Class("badge badge-outline"), h.Text(userID[:8])),
+					),
+				),
+
+				h.Div(h.Class("container mx-auto p-4 max-w-3xl flex flex-col gap-4"),
+					// Form card
+					h.Div(h.Class("card bg-base-100 shadow"),
+						h.Div(h.Class("card-body"),
+							h.H2(h.Class("card-title"), h.Text(saveLabel)),
+							h.Div(h.Class("flex flex-col gap-2"),
+								h.Input(h.Class("input input-bordered w-full"), h.Type("text"), h.Placeholder("Title"), titleSignal.Bind()),
+								h.Input(h.Class("input input-bordered w-full"), h.Type("text"), h.Placeholder("https://example.com"), urlSignal.Bind()),
+								h.Div(h.Class("card-actions justify-end"),
+									h.If(isEditing,
+										h.Button(h.Class("btn btn-ghost"), h.Text("Cancel"), cancelEdit.OnClick()),
+									),
+									h.Button(h.Class("btn btn-primary"), h.Text(saveLabel), save.OnClick()),
+								),
+							),
+						),
+					),
+
+					// Table card
+					h.Div(h.Class("card bg-base-100 shadow"),
+						h.Div(h.Class("card-body"),
+							h.H2(h.Class("card-title"), h.Text("All Bookmarks")),
+							h.If(len(rows) == 0,
+								h.P(h.Class("text-base-content/60"), h.Text("No bookmarks yet. Add one above!")),
+							),
+							h.If(len(rows) > 0,
+								h.Div(h.Class("overflow-x-auto"),
+									h.Table(h.Class("table"),
+										h.THead(h.Tr(
+											h.Th(h.Text("Title")),
+											h.Th(h.Text("URL")),
+											h.Th(h.Text("Actions")),
+										)),
+										h.TBody(rows...),
+									),
+								),
+							),
+						),
+					),
+				),
+
+				// Toast container — ignored by morph so Sync() doesn't wipe active toasts
+				h.Div(h.ID("toast-container"), h.Class("toast toast-end toast-top"), h.DataIgnoreMorph()),
+			)
+		})
+	})
+
+	log.Println("Starting pubsub-crud example on :7331")
+	v.Start()
+}

internal/examples/realtimechart/main.go

@@ -5,16 +5,16 @@ import (
 	"math/rand"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/go-via/via"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via"
 	// "github.com/go-via/via-plugin-picocss/picocss"
-	"github.com/go-via/via/h"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
 )
 
 func main() {
 	v := via.New()
 
 	v.Config(via.Options{
-		LogLvl:  via.LogLevelDebug,
+		LogLevel: via.LogLevelDebug,
 		DevMode: true,
 		Plugins: []via.Plugin{
 			// picocss.Default,
@@ -37,29 +37,33 @@ func main() {
 			return 1000 / time.Duration(refreshRate.Int()) * time.Millisecond
 		}
 
-		updateData := c.OnInterval(computedTickDuration(), func() {
-			ts := time.Now().UnixMilli()
-			val := rand.ExpFloat64() * 10
+		var stopUpdate func()
+		startInterval := func() {
+			stopUpdate = c.OnInterval(computedTickDuration(), func() {
+				ts := time.Now().UnixMilli()
+				val := rand.ExpFloat64() * 10
 
-			c.ExecScript(fmt.Sprintf(`
-			if (myChart) {
-				myChart.appendData({seriesIndex: 0, data: [[%d, %f]]});
-				myChart.setOption({},{notMerge:false,lazyUpdate:true});
-			};
-		`, ts, val))
-		})
-		updateData.Start()
+				c.ExecScript(fmt.Sprintf(`
+				if (myChart) {
+					myChart.appendData({seriesIndex: 0, data: [[%d, %f]]});
+					myChart.setOption({},{notMerge:false,lazyUpdate:true});
+				};
+			`, ts, val))
+			})
+		}
+		startInterval()
 
 		updateRefreshRate := c.Action(func() {
-			updateData.UpdateInterval(computedTickDuration())
+			stopUpdate()
+			startInterval()
 		})
 
 		toggleIsLive := c.Action(func() {
 			isLive = isLiveSig.Bool()
 			if isLive {
-				updateData.Start()
+				startInterval()
 			} else {
-				updateData.Stop()
+				stopUpdate()
 			}
 		})
 		c.View(func() h.H {

internal/examples/session/main.go

@@ -1,15 +1,45 @@
 package main
 
 import (
-	"github.com/go-via/via"
-	"github.com/go-via/via/h"
+	"database/sql"
+	"log"
+
+	_ "github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
 )
 
 func main() {
-	v := via.New()
-	v.Config(via.Options{ServerAddress: ":7331"})
+	// Open SQLite database for persistent sessions
+	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", "sessions.db")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("failed to open database: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
 
-	// Login page
+	// Create session manager with SQLite store
+	sm, err := via.NewSQLiteSessionManager(db)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("failed to create session manager: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	v := via.New()
+	v.Config(via.Options{
+		ServerAddress:  ":7331",
+		SessionManager: sm,
+	})
+
+	// Auth middleware — redirects unauthenticated users to /login
+	authRequired := func(c *via.Context, next func()) {
+		if c.Session().GetString("username") == "" {
+			c.Session().Set("flash", "Please log in first")
+			c.RedirectView("/login")
+			return
+		}
+		next()
+	}
+
+	// Login page (public)
 	v.Page("/login", func(c *via.Context) {
 		flash := c.Session().PopString("flash")
 		usernameInput := c.Signal("")
@@ -44,8 +74,10 @@ func main() {
 		})
 	})
 
-	// Dashboard page (protected)
-	v.Page("/dashboard", func(c *via.Context) {
+	// Protected pages
+	protected := v.Group("", authRequired)
+
+	protected.Page("/dashboard", func(c *via.Context) {
 		logout := c.Action(func() {
 			c.Session().Set("flash", "Goodbye!")
 			c.Session().Delete("username")
@@ -54,14 +86,6 @@ func main() {
 
 		c.View(func() h.H {
 			username := c.Session().GetString("username")
-
-			// Not logged in? Redirect to login
-			if username == "" {
-				c.Session().Set("flash", "Please log in first")
-				c.Redirect("/login")
-				return h.Div()
-			}
-
 			flash := c.Session().PopString("flash")
 			var flashMsg h.H
 			if flash != "" {

internal/examples/shakespeare/main.go

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ import (
 	"log"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/go-via/via"
-	"github.com/go-via/via/h"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
 	_ "github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3"
 )
 
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ func main() {
 	v.Config(via.Options{
 		DevMode:       true,
 		DocumentTitle: "Search",
-		LogLvl:        via.LogLevelWarn,
+		LogLevel:      via.LogLevelWarn,
 	})
 
 	v.AppendToHead(

internal/examples/signup/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	v := via.New()
+	v.Config(via.Options{
+		DocumentTitle: "Signup",
+		ServerAddress: ":8080",
+	})
+
+	v.AppendToHead(h.StyleEl(h.Raw(`
+		body { font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; max-width: 420px; margin: 2rem auto; padding: 0 1rem; }
+		label { display: block; font-weight: 600; margin-top: 1rem; }
+		input { display: block; width: 100%; padding: 0.4rem; margin-top: 0.25rem; box-sizing: border-box; }
+		.error { color: #c00; font-size: 0.85rem; margin-top: 0.2rem; }
+		.success { color: #080; margin-top: 1rem; }
+		.actions { margin-top: 1.5rem; display: flex; gap: 0.5rem; }
+	`)))
+
+	v.Page("/", func(c *via.Context) {
+		username := c.Field("", via.Required(), via.MinLen(3), via.MaxLen(20))
+		email := c.Field("", via.Required(), via.Email())
+		age := c.Field("", via.Required(), via.Min(13), via.Max(120))
+		// Optional field — only validated when non-empty
+		website := c.Field("", via.Pattern(`^$|^https?://\S+$`, "Must be a valid URL"))
+
+		var success string
+
+		signup := c.Action(func() {
+			success = ""
+			if !c.ValidateAll() {
+				c.Sync()
+				return
+			}
+			// Server-side check
+			if username.String() == "admin" {
+				username.AddError("Username is already taken")
+				c.Sync()
+				return
+			}
+			success = "Account created for " + username.String() + "!"
+			c.ResetFields()
+			c.Sync()
+		})
+
+		reset := c.Action(func() {
+			success = ""
+			c.ResetFields()
+			c.Sync()
+		})
+
+		c.View(func() h.H {
+			return h.Div(
+				h.H1(h.Text("Sign Up")),
+
+				h.Label(h.Text("Username")),
+				h.Input(h.Type("text"), h.Placeholder("pick a username"), username.Bind()),
+				h.If(username.HasError(), h.Div(h.Class("error"), h.Text(username.FirstError()))),
+
+				h.Label(h.Text("Email")),
+				h.Input(h.Type("email"), h.Placeholder("you@example.com"), email.Bind()),
+				h.If(email.HasError(), h.Div(h.Class("error"), h.Text(email.FirstError()))),
+
+				h.Label(h.Text("Age")),
+				h.Input(h.Type("number"), h.Placeholder("your age"), age.Bind()),
+				h.If(age.HasError(), h.Div(h.Class("error"), h.Text(age.FirstError()))),
+
+				h.Label(h.Text("Website (optional)")),
+				h.Input(h.Type("url"), h.Placeholder("https://example.com"), website.Bind()),
+				h.If(website.HasError(), h.Div(h.Class("error"), h.Text(website.FirstError()))),
+
+				h.Div(h.Class("actions"),
+					h.Button(h.Text("Sign Up"), signup.OnClick()),
+					h.Button(h.Text("Reset"), reset.OnClick()),
+				),
+
+				h.If(success != "", h.P(h.Class("success"), h.Text(success))),
+			)
+		})
+	})
+
+	v.Start()
+}

internal/examples/spa/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via"
+	. "github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	v := via.New()
+	v.Config(via.Options{
+		DocumentTitle: "SPA Navigation",
+		ServerAddress: ":7331",
+	})
+
+	v.AppendToHead(
+		Raw(`<link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com">`),
+		Raw(`<link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin>`),
+		Raw(`<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter:wght@400;600;700&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">`),
+		Raw(`<style>body{font-family:'Inter',sans-serif;margin:0;background:#111;color:#eee}</style>`),
+	)
+
+	v.Layout(func(content func() H) H {
+		return Div(
+			Nav(
+				Style("display:flex;gap:1rem;padding:1rem;background:#222;"),
+				A(Href("/"), Text("Home"), Style("color:#fff")),
+				A(Href("/counter"), Text("Counter"), Style("color:#fff")),
+				A(Href("/clock"), Text("Clock"), Style("color:#fff")),
+				A(Href("https://github.com"), Text("GitHub (external)"), Style("color:#888")),
+				A(Href("/"), Text("Full Reload"), Attr("data-via-no-boost"), Style("color:#f88")),
+			),
+			Main(Style("padding:1rem"), content()),
+		)
+	})
+
+	// Home page
+	v.Page("/", func(c *via.Context) {
+		goCounter := c.Action(func() { c.Navigate("/counter", false) })
+
+		c.View(func() H {
+			return Div(
+				H1(Text("Home"), DataViewTransition("page-title")),
+				P(Text("Click the nav links above — no page reload, no white flash.")),
+				P(Text("Or navigate programmatically:")),
+				Button(Text("Go to Counter"), goCounter.OnClick()),
+			)
+		})
+	})
+
+	// Counter page — demonstrates signals and actions survive within a page,
+	// but reset on navigate away and back.
+	v.Page("/counter", func(c *via.Context) {
+		count := 0
+		increment := c.Action(func() { count++; c.Sync() })
+		goHome := c.Action(func() { c.Navigate("/", false) })
+
+		c.View(func() H {
+			return Div(
+				H1(Text("Counter"), DataViewTransition("page-title")),
+				P(Textf("Count: %d", count)),
+				Button(Text("+1"), increment.OnClick()),
+				Button(Text("Go Home"), goHome.OnClick(), Style("margin-left:0.5rem")),
+			)
+		})
+	})
+
+	// Clock page — demonstrates OnInterval cleanup on navigate.
+	v.Page("/clock", func(c *via.Context) {
+		now := time.Now().Format("15:04:05")
+		c.OnInterval(time.Second, func() {
+			now = time.Now().Format("15:04:05")
+			c.Sync()
+		})
+
+		c.View(func() H {
+			return Div(
+				H1(Text("Clock"), DataViewTransition("page-title")),
+				P(Text("This page has an OnInterval that ticks every second.")),
+				P(Textf("Current time: %s", now)),
+				P(Text("Navigate away and back — the old interval stops, a new one starts.")),
+				P(Textf("Proof this is a fresh page init: random = %d", time.Now().UnixNano()%1000)),
+			)
+		})
+	})
+
+	fmt.Println("SPA example running at http://localhost:7331")
+	v.Start()
+}

middleware.go

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+package via
+
+// Middleware wraps a page init function. Call next to continue the chain;
+// return without calling next to abort (set a view first, e.g. RedirectView).
+type Middleware func(c *Context, next func())
+
+// Group is a route group with a shared prefix and middleware stack.
+type Group struct {
+	v          *V
+	prefix     string
+	middleware []Middleware
+}
+
+// Use appends middleware to the global stack.
+// Global middleware runs before every page handler.
+func (v *V) Use(mw ...Middleware) {
+	v.middleware = append(v.middleware, mw...)
+}
+
+// Group creates a route group with the given path prefix and middleware.
+// Routes registered on the group are prefixed and run the group's middleware
+// after any global middleware.
+func (v *V) Group(prefix string, mw ...Middleware) *Group {
+	return &Group{
+		v:          v,
+		prefix:     prefix,
+		middleware: mw,
+	}
+}
+
+// Page registers a route on this group. The full route is the group prefix
+// concatenated with route.
+func (g *Group) Page(route string, initContextFn func(c *Context)) {
+	fullRoute := g.prefix + route
+	allMw := make([]Middleware, 0, len(g.v.middleware)+len(g.middleware))
+	allMw = append(allMw, g.v.middleware...)
+	allMw = append(allMw, g.middleware...)
+	wrapped := chainMiddleware(allMw, initContextFn)
+	g.v.page(fullRoute, initContextFn, wrapped)
+}
+
+// Group creates a nested sub-group that inherits this group's prefix and
+// middleware, then adds its own.
+func (g *Group) Group(prefix string, mw ...Middleware) *Group {
+	combined := make([]Middleware, len(g.middleware), len(g.middleware)+len(mw))
+	copy(combined, g.middleware)
+	combined = append(combined, mw...)
+	return &Group{
+		v:          g.v,
+		prefix:     g.prefix + prefix,
+		middleware: combined,
+	}
+}
+
+// Use appends middleware to this group's stack.
+func (g *Group) Use(mw ...Middleware) {
+	g.middleware = append(g.middleware, mw...)
+}
+
+// WithMiddleware returns an ActionOption that attaches middleware to an action.
+// Action middleware runs after CSRF/rate-limit checks and signal injection.
+func WithMiddleware(mw ...Middleware) ActionOption {
+	return func(e *actionEntry) {
+		e.middleware = append(e.middleware, mw...)
+	}
+}
+
+// chainMiddleware wraps handler with the given middleware, outer-first.
+func chainMiddleware(mws []Middleware, handler func(*Context)) func(*Context) {
+	if len(mws) == 0 {
+		return handler
+	}
+	chained := handler
+	for i := len(mws) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+		mw := mws[i]
+		next := chained
+		chained = func(c *Context) {
+			mw(c, func() { next(c) })
+		}
+	}
+	return chained
+}

middleware_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,340 @@
+package via
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestMiddlewareRunsBeforeHandler(t *testing.T) {
+	var order []string
+
+	v := New()
+	v.Use(func(c *Context, next func()) {
+		order = append(order, "mw")
+		next()
+	})
+	v.Page("/", func(c *Context) {
+		order = append(order, "handler")
+		c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div() })
+	})
+
+	// Reset after registration (panic-check runs the raw handler)
+	order = nil
+
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/", nil))
+
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"mw", "handler"}, order)
+}
+
+func TestMiddlewareAbortSkipsHandler(t *testing.T) {
+	handlerCalled := false
+
+	v := New()
+	v.Use(func(c *Context, next func()) {
+		c.RedirectView("/other")
+	})
+	v.Page("/", func(c *Context) {
+		handlerCalled = true
+		c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div() })
+	})
+
+	handlerCalled = false
+
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/", nil))
+
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
+	assert.False(t, handlerCalled)
+}
+
+func TestMiddlewareChainOrder(t *testing.T) {
+	var order []string
+
+	v := New()
+	for _, label := range []string{"A", "B", "C"} {
+		l := label
+		v.Use(func(c *Context, next func()) {
+			order = append(order, l)
+			next()
+		})
+	}
+	v.Page("/", func(c *Context) {
+		order = append(order, "handler")
+		c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div() })
+	})
+
+	order = nil
+
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/", nil))
+
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"A", "B", "C", "handler"}, order)
+}
+
+func TestGroupPrefixRouting(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	g := v.Group("/admin")
+	g.Page("/dashboard", func(c *Context) {
+		c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div(h.Text("admin dashboard")) })
+	})
+
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/admin/dashboard", nil))
+
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
+	assert.Contains(t, w.Body.String(), "admin dashboard")
+}
+
+func TestGroupMiddlewareAppliesToGroupOnly(t *testing.T) {
+	var groupMwCalled bool
+
+	v := New()
+	g := v.Group("/admin", func(c *Context, next func()) {
+		groupMwCalled = true
+		next()
+	})
+	g.Page("/panel", func(c *Context) {
+		c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div(h.Text("panel")) })
+	})
+	v.Page("/public", func(c *Context) {
+		c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div(h.Text("public")) })
+	})
+
+	// Hit public page — group middleware should NOT run
+	groupMwCalled = false
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/public", nil))
+	assert.False(t, groupMwCalled)
+	assert.Contains(t, w.Body.String(), "public")
+
+	// Hit group page — group middleware should run
+	groupMwCalled = false
+	w = httptest.NewRecorder()
+	v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/admin/panel", nil))
+	assert.True(t, groupMwCalled)
+	assert.Contains(t, w.Body.String(), "panel")
+}
+
+func TestGlobalMiddlewareAppliesToGroupPages(t *testing.T) {
+	var globalCalled bool
+
+	v := New()
+	v.Use(func(c *Context, next func()) {
+		globalCalled = true
+		next()
+	})
+	g := v.Group("/admin")
+	g.Page("/dash", func(c *Context) {
+		c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div(h.Text("dash")) })
+	})
+
+	globalCalled = false
+
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/admin/dash", nil))
+
+	assert.True(t, globalCalled)
+	assert.Contains(t, w.Body.String(), "dash")
+}
+
+func TestNestedGroupInheritsPrefixAndMiddleware(t *testing.T) {
+	var order []string
+
+	v := New()
+	admin := v.Group("/admin", func(c *Context, next func()) {
+		order = append(order, "admin")
+		next()
+	})
+	superAdmin := admin.Group("/super", func(c *Context, next func()) {
+		order = append(order, "super")
+		next()
+	})
+	superAdmin.Page("/secret", func(c *Context) {
+		order = append(order, "handler")
+		c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div(h.Text("secret")) })
+	})
+
+	order = nil
+
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/admin/super/secret", nil))
+
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"admin", "super", "handler"}, order)
+	assert.Contains(t, w.Body.String(), "secret")
+}
+
+func TestGroupUse(t *testing.T) {
+	var order []string
+
+	v := New()
+	g := v.Group("/api")
+	g.Use(func(c *Context, next func()) {
+		order = append(order, "added-later")
+		next()
+	})
+	g.Page("/items", func(c *Context) {
+		order = append(order, "handler")
+		c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div() })
+	})
+
+	order = nil
+
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/api/items", nil))
+
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"added-later", "handler"}, order)
+}
+
+func TestRedirectViewSetsValidView(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	v.Page("/test", func(c *Context) {
+		c.RedirectView("/somewhere")
+	})
+
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/test", nil))
+
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
+	assert.Contains(t, w.Body.String(), "<!doctype html>")
+}
+
+func TestGlobalAndGroupMiddlewareOrder(t *testing.T) {
+	var order []string
+
+	v := New()
+	v.Use(func(c *Context, next func()) {
+		order = append(order, "global")
+		next()
+	})
+	g := v.Group("/g", func(c *Context, next func()) {
+		order = append(order, "group")
+		next()
+	})
+	g.Page("/page", func(c *Context) {
+		order = append(order, "handler")
+		c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div() })
+	})
+
+	order = nil
+
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/g/page", nil))
+
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"global", "group", "handler"}, order)
+}
+
+// --- Action middleware tests ---
+
+func TestActionMiddlewareRunsBeforeAction(t *testing.T) {
+	var order []string
+
+	v := New()
+	c := newContext("test", "/", v)
+
+	mw := func(_ *Context, next func()) {
+		order = append(order, "mw")
+		next()
+	}
+
+	trigger := c.Action(func() {
+		order = append(order, "action")
+	}, WithMiddleware(mw))
+
+	entry, err := c.getAction(trigger.id)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	chainMiddleware(entry.middleware, func(_ *Context) { entry.fn() })(c)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"mw", "action"}, order)
+}
+
+func TestActionMiddlewareAbortSkipsAction(t *testing.T) {
+	actionCalled := false
+
+	v := New()
+	c := newContext("test", "/", v)
+
+	mw := func(_ *Context, next func()) {
+		// don't call next — action should not run
+	}
+
+	trigger := c.Action(func() {
+		actionCalled = true
+	}, WithMiddleware(mw))
+
+	entry, err := c.getAction(trigger.id)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	chainMiddleware(entry.middleware, func(_ *Context) { entry.fn() })(c)
+
+	assert.False(t, actionCalled)
+}
+
+func TestActionMiddlewareChainOrder(t *testing.T) {
+	var order []string
+
+	v := New()
+	c := newContext("test", "/", v)
+
+	var mws []Middleware
+	for _, label := range []string{"A", "B", "C"} {
+		l := label
+		mws = append(mws, func(_ *Context, next func()) {
+			order = append(order, l)
+			next()
+		})
+	}
+
+	trigger := c.Action(func() {
+		order = append(order, "action")
+	}, WithMiddleware(mws...))
+
+	entry, err := c.getAction(trigger.id)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	chainMiddleware(entry.middleware, func(_ *Context) { entry.fn() })(c)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"A", "B", "C", "action"}, order)
+}
+
+func TestActionMiddlewareCombinedWithRateLimit(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	c := newContext("test", "/", v)
+
+	mw := func(_ *Context, next func()) { next() }
+
+	trigger := c.Action(func() {}, WithRateLimit(5, 10), WithMiddleware(mw))
+
+	entry, err := c.getAction(trigger.id)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.NotNil(t, entry.limiter)
+	assert.Len(t, entry.middleware, 1)
+}
+
+func TestGroupWithEmptyPrefix(t *testing.T) {
+	var mwCalled bool
+
+	v := New()
+	g := v.Group("", func(c *Context, next func()) {
+		mwCalled = true
+		next()
+	})
+	g.Page("/dashboard", func(c *Context) {
+		c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div(h.Text("dash")) })
+	})
+
+	mwCalled = false
+
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/dashboard", nil))
+
+	assert.True(t, mwCalled)
+	assert.Contains(t, w.Body.String(), "dash")
+}

nats.go

@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+package via
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/delaneyj/toolbelt/embeddednats"
+	"github.com/nats-io/nats.go"
+)
+
+// defaultNATS is the process-scoped embedded NATS server.
+type defaultNATS struct {
+	server  *embeddednats.Server
+	nc      *nats.Conn
+	js      nats.JetStreamContext
+	cancel  context.CancelFunc
+	dataDir string
+}
+
+var (
+	sharedNATS     *defaultNATS
+	sharedNATSOnce sync.Once
+	sharedNATSErr  error
+)
+
+// getSharedNATS returns a process-level singleton embedded NATS server.
+// The server starts once and is reused across all V instances.
+func getSharedNATS() (*defaultNATS, error) {
+	sharedNATSOnce.Do(func() {
+		sharedNATS, sharedNATSErr = startDefaultNATS()
+	})
+	return sharedNATS, sharedNATSErr
+}
+
+func startDefaultNATS() (dn *defaultNATS, err error) {
+	defer func() {
+		if r := recover(); r != nil {
+			err = fmt.Errorf("nats server panic: %v", r)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	dataDir, err := os.MkdirTemp("", "via-nats-*")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create temp dir: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+
+	ns, err := embeddednats.New(ctx, embeddednats.WithDirectory(dataDir))
+	if err != nil {
+		cancel()
+		os.RemoveAll(dataDir)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("start embedded nats: %w", err)
+	}
+	ns.WaitForServer()
+
+	nc, err := ns.Client()
+	if err != nil {
+		ns.Close()
+		cancel()
+		os.RemoveAll(dataDir)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("connect nats client: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	js, err := nc.JetStream()
+	if err != nil {
+		nc.Close()
+		ns.Close()
+		cancel()
+		os.RemoveAll(dataDir)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("init jetstream: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return &defaultNATS{
+		server:  ns,
+		nc:      nc,
+		js:      js,
+		cancel:  cancel,
+		dataDir: dataDir,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (n *defaultNATS) Publish(subject string, data []byte) error {
+	return n.nc.Publish(subject, data)
+}
+
+func (n *defaultNATS) Subscribe(subject string, handler func(data []byte)) (Subscription, error) {
+	sub, err := n.nc.Subscribe(subject, func(msg *nats.Msg) {
+		handler(msg.Data)
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return sub, nil
+}
+
+// natsRef wraps a shared defaultNATS as a PubSub. Close is a no-op because
+// the underlying server is process-scoped and outlives individual V instances.
+type natsRef struct {
+	dn *defaultNATS
+}
+
+func (r *natsRef) Publish(subject string, data []byte) error {
+	return r.dn.Publish(subject, data)
+}
+
+func (r *natsRef) Subscribe(subject string, handler func(data []byte)) (Subscription, error) {
+	return r.dn.Subscribe(subject, handler)
+}
+
+func (r *natsRef) Close() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+// NATSConn returns the underlying NATS connection from the built-in embedded
+// server, or nil if a custom PubSub backend is in use.
+func (v *V) NATSConn() *nats.Conn {
+	if v.defaultNATS != nil {
+		return v.defaultNATS.nc
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// JetStream returns the JetStream context from the built-in embedded server,
+// or nil if a custom PubSub backend is in use.
+func (v *V) JetStream() nats.JetStreamContext {
+	if v.defaultNATS != nil {
+		return v.defaultNATS.js
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// StreamConfig holds the parameters for creating or updating a JetStream stream.
+type StreamConfig struct {
+	Name     string
+	Subjects []string
+	MaxMsgs  int64
+	MaxAge   time.Duration
+}
+
+// EnsureStream creates or updates a JetStream stream matching cfg.
+func EnsureStream(v *V, cfg StreamConfig) error {
+	js := v.JetStream()
+	if js == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("jetstream not available")
+	}
+	_, err := js.AddStream(&nats.StreamConfig{
+		Name:      cfg.Name,
+		Subjects:  cfg.Subjects,
+		Retention: nats.LimitsPolicy,
+		MaxMsgs:   cfg.MaxMsgs,
+		MaxAge:    cfg.MaxAge,
+	})
+	return err
+}
+
+// ReplayHistory fetches the last limit messages from subject,
+// deserializing each as T. Returns an empty slice if nothing is available.
+func ReplayHistory[T any](v *V, subject string, limit int) ([]T, error) {
+	js := v.JetStream()
+	if js == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("jetstream not available")
+	}
+	sub, err := js.SubscribeSync(subject, nats.DeliverAll(), nats.OrderedConsumer())
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer sub.Unsubscribe()
+
+	var msgs []T
+	for {
+		raw, err := sub.NextMsg(200 * time.Millisecond)
+		if err != nil {
+			break
+		}
+		var msg T
+		if json.Unmarshal(raw.Data, &msg) == nil {
+			msgs = append(msgs, msg)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if limit > 0 && len(msgs) > limit {
+		msgs = msgs[len(msgs)-limit:]
+	}
+	return msgs, nil
+}

nats_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+package via
+
+import (
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestPubSub_RoundTrip(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	defer v.Shutdown()
+
+	var received []byte
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+
+	c := newContext("test-ctx", "/", v)
+	c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div() })
+
+	_, err := c.Subscribe("test.topic", func(data []byte) {
+		received = data
+		close(done)
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	err = c.Publish("test.topic", []byte("hello"))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	select {
+	case <-done:
+	case <-time.After(2 * time.Second):
+		t.Fatal("timed out waiting for message")
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, []byte("hello"), received)
+}
+
+func TestPubSub_MultipleSubscribers(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	defer v.Shutdown()
+
+	var mu sync.Mutex
+	var results []string
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	wg.Add(2)
+
+	c1 := newContext("ctx-1", "/", v)
+	c1.View(func() h.H { return h.Div() })
+	c2 := newContext("ctx-2", "/", v)
+	c2.View(func() h.H { return h.Div() })
+
+	c1.Subscribe("broadcast", func(data []byte) {
+		mu.Lock()
+		results = append(results, "c1:"+string(data))
+		mu.Unlock()
+		wg.Done()
+	})
+
+	c2.Subscribe("broadcast", func(data []byte) {
+		mu.Lock()
+		results = append(results, "c2:"+string(data))
+		mu.Unlock()
+		wg.Done()
+	})
+
+	c1.Publish("broadcast", []byte("msg"))
+
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+	go func() {
+		wg.Wait()
+		close(done)
+	}()
+	select {
+	case <-done:
+	case <-time.After(2 * time.Second):
+		t.Fatal("timed out waiting for messages")
+	}
+
+	assert.Len(t, results, 2)
+	assert.Contains(t, results, "c1:msg")
+	assert.Contains(t, results, "c2:msg")
+}
+
+func TestPubSub_SubscriptionCleanupOnDispose(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	defer v.Shutdown()
+
+	c := newContext("cleanup-ctx", "/", v)
+	c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div() })
+
+	c.Subscribe("room.1", func(data []byte) {})
+	c.Subscribe("room.2", func(data []byte) {})
+
+	assert.Len(t, c.subscriptions, 2)
+
+	c.unsubscribeAll()
+	assert.Empty(t, c.subscriptions)
+}
+
+func TestPubSub_ManualUnsubscribe(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	defer v.Shutdown()
+
+	c := newContext("unsub-ctx", "/", v)
+	c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div() })
+
+	called := false
+	sub, err := c.Subscribe("topic", func(data []byte) {
+		called = true
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	sub.Unsubscribe()
+
+	c.Publish("topic", []byte("ignored"))
+	time.Sleep(50 * time.Millisecond)
+	assert.False(t, called)
+}
+
+func TestPubSub_NoOpDuringPanicCheck(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	defer v.Shutdown()
+
+	// Panic-check context has id=""
+	c := newContext("", "/", v)
+
+	err := c.Publish("topic", []byte("data"))
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	sub, err := c.Subscribe("topic", func(data []byte) {})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Nil(t, sub)
+}

navigate.js

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+(function() {
+  const meta = document.querySelector('meta[data-signals]');
+  if (!meta) return;
+  const raw = meta.getAttribute('data-signals');
+  const parsed = JSON.parse(raw.replace(/'/g, '"'));
+  const ctxID = parsed['via-ctx'];
+  const csrf = parsed['via-csrf'];
+  if (!ctxID || !csrf) return;
+
+  function navigate(url, popstate) {
+    const params = new URLSearchParams({
+      'via-ctx': ctxID,
+      'via-csrf': csrf,
+      'url': url,
+    });
+    if (popstate) params.set('popstate', '1');
+    fetch('/_navigate', {
+      method: 'POST',
+      headers: {'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'},
+      body: params.toString()
+    }).then(function(res) {
+      if (!res.ok) window.location.href = url;
+    }).catch(function() {
+      window.location.href = url;
+    });
+  }
+
+  document.addEventListener('click', function(e) {
+    var el = e.target;
+    while (el && el.tagName !== 'A') el = el.parentElement;
+    if (!el) return;
+    if (e.ctrlKey || e.metaKey || e.shiftKey || e.altKey) return;
+    if (el.hasAttribute('target')) return;
+    if (el.hasAttribute('data-via-no-boost')) return;
+    var href = el.getAttribute('href');
+    if (!href || href.startsWith('#')) return;
+    try {
+      var url = new URL(href, window.location.origin);
+      if (url.origin !== window.location.origin) return;
+      e.preventDefault();
+      navigate(url.pathname + url.search + url.hash);
+    } catch(_) {}
+  });
+
+  var ready = false;
+  window.addEventListener('popstate', function() {
+    if (!ready) return;
+    navigate(window.location.pathname + window.location.search + window.location.hash, true);
+  });
+  setTimeout(function() { ready = true; }, 0);
+})();

pubsub.go

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+package via
+
+// PubSub is an interface for publish/subscribe messaging backends.
+// By default, New() starts an embedded NATS server. Supply a custom
+// implementation via Config(Options{PubSub: yourBackend}) to override.
+type PubSub interface {
+	Publish(subject string, data []byte) error
+	Subscribe(subject string, handler func(data []byte)) (Subscription, error)
+	Close() error
+}
+
+// Subscription represents an active subscription that can be manually unsubscribed.
+type Subscription interface {
+	Unsubscribe() error
+}

pubsub_helpers.go

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package via
+
+import "encoding/json"
+
+// Publish JSON-marshals msg and publishes to subject.
+func Publish[T any](c *Context, subject string, msg T) error {
+	data, err := json.Marshal(msg)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return c.Publish(subject, data)
+}
+
+// Subscribe JSON-unmarshals each message as T and calls handler.
+func Subscribe[T any](c *Context, subject string, handler func(T)) (Subscription, error) {
+	return c.Subscribe(subject, func(data []byte) {
+		var msg T
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &msg); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		handler(msg)
+	})
+}

pubsub_helpers_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+package via
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestPublishSubscribe_RoundTrip(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	defer v.Shutdown()
+
+	type event struct {
+		Name  string `json:"name"`
+		Count int    `json:"count"`
+	}
+
+	var got event
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+
+	c := newContext("typed-ctx", "/", v)
+	c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div() })
+
+	_, err := Subscribe(c, "events", func(e event) {
+		got = e
+		close(done)
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	err = Publish(c, "events", event{Name: "click", Count: 42})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	select {
+	case <-done:
+	case <-time.After(2 * time.Second):
+		t.Fatal("timed out waiting for message")
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, "click", got.Name)
+	assert.Equal(t, 42, got.Count)
+}
+
+func TestSubscribe_SkipsBadJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	defer v.Shutdown()
+
+	type msg struct {
+		Text string `json:"text"`
+	}
+
+	called := false
+	c := newContext("bad-json-ctx", "/", v)
+	c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div() })
+
+	_, err := Subscribe(c, "topic", func(m msg) {
+		called = true
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Publish raw invalid JSON — handler should silently skip
+	err = c.Publish("topic", []byte("not json"))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	time.Sleep(50 * time.Millisecond)
+	assert.False(t, called)
+}

ratelimit.go

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+package via
+
+import "golang.org/x/time/rate"
+
+const (
+	defaultActionRate  float64 = 10.0
+	defaultActionBurst int     = 20
+)
+
+// RateLimitConfig configures token-bucket rate limiting for actions.
+// Zero values fall back to defaults. Rate of -1 disables limiting entirely.
+type RateLimitConfig struct {
+	Rate  float64
+	Burst int
+}
+
+// ActionOption configures per-action behaviour when passed to Context.Action.
+type ActionOption func(*actionEntry)
+
+type actionEntry struct {
+	fn         func()
+	limiter    *rate.Limiter // nil = use context default
+	middleware []Middleware
+}
+
+// WithRateLimit returns an ActionOption that gives this action its own
+// token-bucket limiter, overriding the context-level default.
+func WithRateLimit(r float64, burst int) ActionOption {
+	return func(e *actionEntry) {
+		e.limiter = newLimiter(RateLimitConfig{Rate: r, Burst: burst}, defaultActionRate, defaultActionBurst)
+	}
+}
+
+// newLimiter creates a *rate.Limiter from cfg, substituting defaults for zero
+// values. A Rate of -1 disables limiting (returns nil).
+func newLimiter(cfg RateLimitConfig, defaultRate float64, defaultBurst int) *rate.Limiter {
+	r := cfg.Rate
+	b := cfg.Burst
+	if r == -1 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if r == 0 {
+		r = defaultRate
+	}
+	if b == 0 {
+		b = defaultBurst
+	}
+	return rate.NewLimiter(rate.Limit(r), b)
+}

ratelimit_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+package via
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestNewLimiter_Defaults(t *testing.T) {
+	l := newLimiter(RateLimitConfig{}, defaultActionRate, defaultActionBurst)
+	require.NotNil(t, l)
+	assert.InDelta(t, defaultActionRate, float64(l.Limit()), 0.001)
+	assert.Equal(t, defaultActionBurst, l.Burst())
+}
+
+func TestNewLimiter_CustomValues(t *testing.T) {
+	l := newLimiter(RateLimitConfig{Rate: 5, Burst: 10}, defaultActionRate, defaultActionBurst)
+	require.NotNil(t, l)
+	assert.InDelta(t, 5.0, float64(l.Limit()), 0.001)
+	assert.Equal(t, 10, l.Burst())
+}
+
+func TestNewLimiter_DisabledWithNegativeRate(t *testing.T) {
+	l := newLimiter(RateLimitConfig{Rate: -1}, defaultActionRate, defaultActionBurst)
+	assert.Nil(t, l)
+}
+
+func TestTokenBucket_AllowsBurstThenRejects(t *testing.T) {
+	l := newLimiter(RateLimitConfig{Rate: 1, Burst: 3}, 1, 3)
+	require.NotNil(t, l)
+
+	for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
+		assert.True(t, l.Allow(), "request %d should be allowed within burst", i)
+	}
+	assert.False(t, l.Allow(), "request beyond burst should be rejected")
+}
+
+func TestWithRateLimit_CreatesLimiter(t *testing.T) {
+	entry := actionEntry{fn: func() {}}
+	opt := WithRateLimit(2, 4)
+	opt(&entry)
+
+	require.NotNil(t, entry.limiter)
+	assert.InDelta(t, 2.0, float64(entry.limiter.Limit()), 0.001)
+	assert.Equal(t, 4, entry.limiter.Burst())
+}
+
+func TestContextAction_WithRateLimit(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	c := newContext("test-rl", "/", v)
+
+	called := false
+	c.Action(func() { called = true }, WithRateLimit(1, 2))
+
+	// Verify the entry has its own limiter
+	for _, entry := range c.actionRegistry {
+		require.NotNil(t, entry.limiter)
+		assert.InDelta(t, 1.0, float64(entry.limiter.Limit()), 0.001)
+		assert.Equal(t, 2, entry.limiter.Burst())
+	}
+	assert.False(t, called)
+}
+
+func TestContextAction_DefaultNoPerActionLimiter(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	c := newContext("test-no-rl", "/", v)
+
+	c.Action(func() {})
+
+	for _, entry := range c.actionRegistry {
+		assert.Nil(t, entry.limiter, "entry without WithRateLimit should have nil limiter")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestContextLimiter_DefaultsApplied(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	c := newContext("test-ctx-limiter", "/", v)
+
+	require.NotNil(t, c.actionLimiter)
+	assert.InDelta(t, defaultActionRate, float64(c.actionLimiter.Limit()), 0.001)
+	assert.Equal(t, defaultActionBurst, c.actionLimiter.Burst())
+}
+
+func TestContextLimiter_DisabledViaConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	v.actionRateLimit = RateLimitConfig{Rate: -1}
+	c := newContext("test-disabled", "/", v)
+
+	assert.Nil(t, c.actionLimiter)
+}
+
+func TestContextLimiter_CustomConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	v.Config(Options{ActionRateLimit: RateLimitConfig{Rate: 50, Burst: 100}})
+	c := newContext("test-custom", "/", v)
+
+	require.NotNil(t, c.actionLimiter)
+	assert.InDelta(t, 50.0, float64(c.actionLimiter.Limit()), 0.001)
+	assert.Equal(t, 100, c.actionLimiter.Burst())
+}

routine.go

@@ -1,76 +1,34 @@
 package via
 
 import (
-	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
 )
 
-// OnIntervalRoutine allows for defining concurrent goroutines safely. Goroutines started by *OnIntervalRoutine
-// are tied to the *Context lifecycle.
-type OnIntervalRoutine struct {
-	mu             sync.RWMutex
-	ctxDisposed    chan struct{}
-	localInterrupt chan struct{}
-	isRunning      atomic.Bool
-	routineFn      func()
-	tckDuration    time.Duration
-	updateTkrChan  chan time.Duration
-}
+func newOnInterval(ctxDisposedChan, pageStopChan chan struct{}, duration time.Duration, handler func()) func() {
+	localInterrupt := make(chan struct{})
+	var stopped atomic.Bool
 
-// UpdateInterval sets a new interval duration for the internal *time.Ticker. If the provided
-// duration is equal of less than 0, UpdateInterval does nothing.
-func (r *OnIntervalRoutine) UpdateInterval(d time.Duration) {
-	r.mu.Lock()
-	defer r.mu.Unlock()
-	r.tckDuration = d
-	r.updateTkrChan <- d
-
-}
-
-// Start executes the predifined goroutine. If no predifined goroutine exists, or it already
-// started, Start does nothing.
-func (r *OnIntervalRoutine) Start() {
-	if !r.isRunning.CompareAndSwap(false, true) || r.routineFn == nil {
-		return
-	}
-	go r.routineFn()
-}
-
-// Stop interrupts the predifined goroutine. If no predifined goroutine exists, or it already
-// ustopped, Stop does nothing.
-func (r *OnIntervalRoutine) Stop() {
-	if !r.isRunning.CompareAndSwap(true, false) || r.routineFn == nil {
-		return
-	}
-	r.localInterrupt <- struct{}{}
-}
-
-func newOnIntervalRoutine(ctxDisposedChan chan struct{},
-	duration time.Duration, handler func()) *OnIntervalRoutine {
-	r := &OnIntervalRoutine{
-		ctxDisposed:    ctxDisposedChan,
-		localInterrupt: make(chan struct{}),
-		updateTkrChan:  make(chan time.Duration),
-	}
-	r.tckDuration = duration
-	r.routineFn = func() {
-		r.mu.RLock()
-		tkr := time.NewTicker(r.tckDuration)
-		r.mu.RUnlock()
-		defer tkr.Stop() // clean up the ticker when routine stops
+	go func() {
+		tkr := time.NewTicker(duration)
+		defer tkr.Stop()
 		for {
 			select {
-			case <-r.ctxDisposed: // dispose of the routine when ctx is disposed
+			case <-ctxDisposedChan:
 				return
-			case <-r.localInterrupt: // dispose of the routine on interrupt signal
+			case <-pageStopChan:
+				return
+			case <-localInterrupt:
 				return
-			case d := <-r.updateTkrChan:
-				tkr.Reset(d)
 			case <-tkr.C:
 				handler()
 			}
 		}
+	}()
+
+	return func() {
+		if stopped.CompareAndSwap(false, true) {
+			close(localInterrupt)
+		}
 	}
-	return r
 }

rule.go

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+package via
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"regexp"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"unicode/utf8"
+)
+
+// Rule defines a single validation check for a Field.
+type Rule struct {
+	validate func(val string) error
+}
+
+// Required rejects empty or whitespace-only values.
+func Required(msg ...string) Rule {
+	m := "This field is required"
+	if len(msg) > 0 {
+		m = msg[0]
+	}
+	return Rule{func(val string) error {
+		if strings.TrimSpace(val) == "" {
+			return errors.New(m)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}}
+}
+
+// MinLen rejects values shorter than n characters.
+func MinLen(n int, msg ...string) Rule {
+	m := fmt.Sprintf("Must be at least %d characters", n)
+	if len(msg) > 0 {
+		m = msg[0]
+	}
+	return Rule{func(val string) error {
+		if utf8.RuneCountInString(val) < n {
+			return errors.New(m)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}}
+}
+
+// MaxLen rejects values longer than n characters.
+func MaxLen(n int, msg ...string) Rule {
+	m := fmt.Sprintf("Must be at most %d characters", n)
+	if len(msg) > 0 {
+		m = msg[0]
+	}
+	return Rule{func(val string) error {
+		if utf8.RuneCountInString(val) > n {
+			return errors.New(m)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}}
+}
+
+// Min parses the value as an integer and rejects values less than n.
+func Min(n int, msg ...string) Rule {
+	m := fmt.Sprintf("Must be at least %d", n)
+	if len(msg) > 0 {
+		m = msg[0]
+	}
+	return Rule{func(val string) error {
+		v, err := strconv.Atoi(val)
+		if err != nil {
+			return errors.New("Must be a valid number")
+		}
+		if v < n {
+			return errors.New(m)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}}
+}
+
+// Max parses the value as an integer and rejects values greater than n.
+func Max(n int, msg ...string) Rule {
+	m := fmt.Sprintf("Must be at most %d", n)
+	if len(msg) > 0 {
+		m = msg[0]
+	}
+	return Rule{func(val string) error {
+		v, err := strconv.Atoi(val)
+		if err != nil {
+			return errors.New("Must be a valid number")
+		}
+		if v > n {
+			return errors.New(m)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}}
+}
+
+// Pattern rejects values that don't match the regular expression re.
+func Pattern(re string, msg ...string) Rule {
+	m := "Invalid format"
+	if len(msg) > 0 {
+		m = msg[0]
+	}
+	compiled := regexp.MustCompile(re)
+	return Rule{func(val string) error {
+		if !compiled.MatchString(val) {
+			return errors.New(m)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}}
+}
+
+var emailRegexp = regexp.MustCompile(`^[a-zA-Z0-9._%+\-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9.\-]+\.[a-zA-Z]{2,}$`)
+
+// Email rejects values that don't look like an email address.
+func Email(msg ...string) Rule {
+	m := "Invalid email address"
+	if len(msg) > 0 {
+		m = msg[0]
+	}
+	return Rule{func(val string) error {
+		if !emailRegexp.MatchString(val) {
+			return errors.New(m)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}}
+}
+
+// Custom creates a rule from a user-provided validation function.
+// The function should return nil for valid input and an error for invalid input.
+func Custom(fn func(string) error) Rule {
+	return Rule{validate: fn}
+}

rule_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+package via
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestRequired(t *testing.T) {
+	r := Required()
+	assert.NoError(t, r.validate("hello"))
+	assert.Error(t, r.validate(""))
+	assert.Error(t, r.validate("   "))
+}
+
+func TestRequiredCustomMessage(t *testing.T) {
+	r := Required("name needed")
+	err := r.validate("")
+	assert.EqualError(t, err, "name needed")
+}
+
+func TestMinLen(t *testing.T) {
+	r := MinLen(3)
+	assert.NoError(t, r.validate("abc"))
+	assert.NoError(t, r.validate("abcd"))
+	assert.Error(t, r.validate("ab"))
+	assert.Error(t, r.validate(""))
+}
+
+func TestMinLenCustomMessage(t *testing.T) {
+	r := MinLen(5, "too short")
+	err := r.validate("ab")
+	assert.EqualError(t, err, "too short")
+}
+
+func TestMaxLen(t *testing.T) {
+	r := MaxLen(5)
+	assert.NoError(t, r.validate("abc"))
+	assert.NoError(t, r.validate("abcde"))
+	assert.Error(t, r.validate("abcdef"))
+}
+
+func TestMaxLenCustomMessage(t *testing.T) {
+	r := MaxLen(2, "too long")
+	err := r.validate("abc")
+	assert.EqualError(t, err, "too long")
+}
+
+func TestMin(t *testing.T) {
+	r := Min(5)
+	assert.NoError(t, r.validate("5"))
+	assert.NoError(t, r.validate("10"))
+	assert.Error(t, r.validate("4"))
+	assert.Error(t, r.validate("abc"))
+}
+
+func TestMinCustomMessage(t *testing.T) {
+	r := Min(10, "need 10+")
+	err := r.validate("3")
+	assert.EqualError(t, err, "need 10+")
+}
+
+func TestMax(t *testing.T) {
+	r := Max(10)
+	assert.NoError(t, r.validate("10"))
+	assert.NoError(t, r.validate("5"))
+	assert.Error(t, r.validate("11"))
+	assert.Error(t, r.validate("abc"))
+}
+
+func TestMaxCustomMessage(t *testing.T) {
+	r := Max(5, "too big")
+	err := r.validate("6")
+	assert.EqualError(t, err, "too big")
+}
+
+func TestPattern(t *testing.T) {
+	r := Pattern(`^\d{3}$`)
+	assert.NoError(t, r.validate("123"))
+	assert.Error(t, r.validate("12"))
+	assert.Error(t, r.validate("abcd"))
+}
+
+func TestPatternCustomMessage(t *testing.T) {
+	r := Pattern(`^\d+$`, "digits only")
+	err := r.validate("abc")
+	assert.EqualError(t, err, "digits only")
+}
+
+func TestEmail(t *testing.T) {
+	r := Email()
+	assert.NoError(t, r.validate("user@example.com"))
+	assert.NoError(t, r.validate("a.b+c@foo.co"))
+	assert.Error(t, r.validate("notanemail"))
+	assert.Error(t, r.validate("@example.com"))
+	assert.Error(t, r.validate("user@"))
+	assert.Error(t, r.validate(""))
+}
+
+func TestEmailCustomMessage(t *testing.T) {
+	r := Email("bad email")
+	err := r.validate("nope")
+	assert.EqualError(t, err, "bad email")
+}
+
+func TestCustom(t *testing.T) {
+	r := Custom(func(val string) error {
+		if val != "magic" {
+			return fmt.Errorf("must be magic")
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+	assert.NoError(t, r.validate("magic"))
+	assert.EqualError(t, r.validate("other"), "must be magic")
+}

session.go

@@ -2,11 +2,34 @@ package via
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"database/sql"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/alexedwards/scs/sqlite3store"
 	"github.com/alexedwards/scs/v2"
 )
 
+// NewSQLiteSessionManager creates a session manager using SQLite for persistence.
+// Creates the sessions table if it doesn't exist.
+// The returned manager can be configured further (Lifetime, Cookie settings, etc.)
+// before passing to Options.SessionManager.
+func NewSQLiteSessionManager(db *sql.DB) (*scs.SessionManager, error) {
+	_, err := db.Exec(`
+		CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS sessions (
+			token TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+			data BLOB NOT NULL,
+			expiry REAL NOT NULL
+		);
+		CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS sessions_expiry_idx ON sessions(expiry);
+	`)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	sm := scs.New()
+	sm.Store = sqlite3store.New(db)
+	return sm, nil
+}
+
 // Session provides access to the user's session data.
 // Session data persists across page views for the same browser.
 type Session struct {

signal.go

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 
-	"github.com/go-via/via/h"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
 )
 
 // Signal represents a value that is reactive in the browser. Signals
@@ -81,26 +81,3 @@ func (s *signal) Int() int {
 	return 0
 }
 
-// Int64 tries to read the signal value as an int64.
-// Returns the value or 0 on failure.
-func (s *signal) Int64() int64 {
-	if n, err := strconv.ParseInt(s.String(), 10, 64); err == nil {
-		return n
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
-// Float64 tries to read the signal value as a float64.
-// Returns the value or 0.0 on failure.
-func (s *signal) Float() float64 {
-	if n, err := strconv.ParseFloat(s.String(), 64); err == nil {
-		return n
-	}
-	return 0.0
-}
-
-// Bytes tries to read the signal value as a []byte
-// Returns the value or an empty []byte on failure.
-func (s *signal) Bytes() []byte {
-	return []byte(s.String())
-}

signal_test.go

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import (
 	//	"net/http/httptest"
 	"testing"
 
-	"github.com/go-via/via/h"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 )
 

static_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+package via
+
+import (
+	"io/fs"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+	"testing/fstest"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestStatic(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(dir, "sub"), 0755)
+	os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "hello.txt"), []byte("hello world"), 0644)
+	os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "sub", "nested.txt"), []byte("nested"), 0644)
+
+	v := New()
+	v.Static("/assets/", dir)
+
+	t.Run("serves file", func(t *testing.T) {
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		r := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/assets/hello.txt", nil)
+		v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
+		assert.Equal(t, "hello world", w.Body.String())
+	})
+
+	t.Run("serves nested file", func(t *testing.T) {
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		r := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/assets/sub/nested.txt", nil)
+		v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
+		assert.Equal(t, "nested", w.Body.String())
+	})
+
+	t.Run("directory listing returns 404", func(t *testing.T) {
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		r := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/assets/", nil)
+		v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNotFound, w.Code)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("subdirectory listing returns 404", func(t *testing.T) {
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		r := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/assets/sub/", nil)
+		v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNotFound, w.Code)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("missing file returns 404", func(t *testing.T) {
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		r := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/assets/nope.txt", nil)
+		v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNotFound, w.Code)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestStaticAutoSlash(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "ok.txt"), []byte("ok"), 0644)
+
+	v := New()
+	v.Static("/files", dir) // no trailing slash
+
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	r := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/files/ok.txt", nil)
+	v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, "ok", w.Body.String())
+}
+
+func TestStaticFS(t *testing.T) {
+	fsys := fstest.MapFS{
+		"style.css":        {Data: []byte("body{}")},
+		"js/app.js":        {Data: []byte("console.log('hi')")},
+	}
+
+	v := New()
+	v.StaticFS("/static/", fsys)
+
+	t.Run("serves file", func(t *testing.T) {
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		r := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/static/style.css", nil)
+		v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
+		assert.Equal(t, "body{}", w.Body.String())
+	})
+
+	t.Run("serves nested file", func(t *testing.T) {
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		r := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/static/js/app.js", nil)
+		v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
+		assert.Equal(t, "console.log('hi')", w.Body.String())
+	})
+
+	t.Run("directory listing returns 404", func(t *testing.T) {
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		r := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/static/", nil)
+		v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNotFound, w.Code)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("missing file returns 404", func(t *testing.T) {
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		r := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/static/nope.css", nil)
+		v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNotFound, w.Code)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestStaticFSAutoSlash(t *testing.T) {
+	fsys := fstest.MapFS{
+		"ok.txt": {Data: []byte("ok")},
+	}
+
+	v := New()
+	v.StaticFS("/embed", fsys) // no trailing slash
+
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	r := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/embed/ok.txt", nil)
+	v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, "ok", w.Body.String())
+}
+
+// Verify StaticFS accepts the fs.FS interface (compile-time check).
+var _ fs.FS = fstest.MapFS{}

via.go

@@ -7,90 +7,108 @@
 package via
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"crypto/rand"
+	"crypto/subtle"
 	_ "embed"
 	"encoding/hex"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
-	"log"
+	"io/fs"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
 	"os"
+	ossignal "os/signal"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
+	"syscall"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/alexedwards/scs/v2"
-	"github.com/go-via/via/h"
+	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
 	"github.com/starfederation/datastar-go/datastar"
 )
 
 //go:embed datastar.js
 var datastarJS []byte
 
+//go:embed navigate.js
+var navigateJS []byte
+
 // V is the root application.
 // It manages page routing, user sessions, and SSE connections for live updates.
 type V struct {
-	cfg                       Options
-	mux                       *http.ServeMux
-	contextRegistry           map[string]*Context
-	contextRegistryMutex      sync.RWMutex
-	documentHeadIncludes      []h.H
-	documentFootIncludes      []h.H
-	devModePageInitFnMap      map[string]func(*Context)
-	sessionManager            *scs.SessionManager
-	datastarPath              string
-	datastarContent           []byte
-	datastarHandlerRegistered bool
+	cfg                  Options
+	mux                  *http.ServeMux
+	server               *http.Server
+	logger               zerolog.Logger
+	contextRegistry      map[string]*Context
+	contextRegistryMutex sync.RWMutex
+	documentHeadIncludes []h.H
+	documentFootIncludes []h.H
+	devModePageInitFnMap map[string]func(*Context)
+	pageRegistry         map[string]func(*Context)
+	sessionManager       *scs.SessionManager
+	pubsub               PubSub
+	defaultNATS          *defaultNATS
+	actionRateLimit      RateLimitConfig
+	datastarPath         string
+	datastarContent      []byte
+	datastarOnce         sync.Once
+	reaperStop           chan struct{}
+	middleware           []Middleware
+	layout               func(func() h.H) h.H
+}
+
+func (v *V) logEvent(evt *zerolog.Event, c *Context) *zerolog.Event {
+	if c != nil && c.id != "" {
+		evt = evt.Str("via-ctx", c.id)
+	}
+	return evt
 }
 
 func (v *V) logFatal(format string, a ...any) {
-	log.Printf("[fatal] msg=%q", fmt.Sprintf(format, a...))
+	v.logEvent(v.logger.WithLevel(zerolog.FatalLevel), nil).Msgf(format, a...)
 }
 
 func (v *V) logErr(c *Context, format string, a ...any) {
-	cRef := ""
-	if c != nil && c.id != "" {
-		cRef = fmt.Sprintf("via-ctx=%q ", c.id)
-	}
-	log.Printf("[error] %smsg=%q", cRef, fmt.Sprintf(format, a...))
+	v.logEvent(v.logger.Error(), c).Msgf(format, a...)
 }
 
 func (v *V) logWarn(c *Context, format string, a ...any) {
-	cRef := ""
-	if c != nil && c.id != "" {
-		cRef = fmt.Sprintf("via-ctx=%q ", c.id)
-	}
-	if v.cfg.LogLvl >= LogLevelWarn {
-		log.Printf("[warn] %smsg=%q", cRef, fmt.Sprintf(format, a...))
-	}
+	v.logEvent(v.logger.Warn(), c).Msgf(format, a...)
 }
 
 func (v *V) logInfo(c *Context, format string, a ...any) {
-	cRef := ""
-	if c != nil && c.id != "" {
-		cRef = fmt.Sprintf("via-ctx=%q ", c.id)
-	}
-	if v.cfg.LogLvl >= LogLevelInfo {
-		log.Printf("[info] %smsg=%q", cRef, fmt.Sprintf(format, a...))
-	}
+	v.logEvent(v.logger.Info(), c).Msgf(format, a...)
 }
 
 func (v *V) logDebug(c *Context, format string, a ...any) {
-	cRef := ""
-	if c != nil && c.id != "" {
-		cRef = fmt.Sprintf("via-ctx=%q ", c.id)
-	}
-	if v.cfg.LogLvl == LogLevelDebug {
-		log.Printf("[debug] %smsg=%q", cRef, fmt.Sprintf(format, a...))
-	}
+	v.logEvent(v.logger.Debug(), c).Msgf(format, a...)
+}
+
+func newConsoleLogger(level zerolog.Level) zerolog.Logger {
+	return zerolog.New(zerolog.ConsoleWriter{Out: os.Stderr, TimeFormat: "15:04:05"}).
+		With().Timestamp().Logger().Level(level)
 }
 
 // Config overrides the default configuration with the given options.
 func (v *V) Config(cfg Options) {
-	if cfg.LogLvl != undefined {
-		v.cfg.LogLvl = cfg.LogLvl
+	if cfg.Logger != nil {
+		v.logger = *cfg.Logger
+	} else if cfg.LogLevel != nil || cfg.DevMode != v.cfg.DevMode {
+		level := zerolog.InfoLevel
+		if cfg.LogLevel != nil {
+			level = *cfg.LogLevel
+		}
+		if cfg.DevMode {
+			v.logger = newConsoleLogger(level)
+		} else {
+			v.logger = zerolog.New(os.Stderr).With().Timestamp().Logger().Level(level)
+		}
 	}
 	if cfg.DocumentTitle != "" {
 		v.cfg.DocumentTitle = cfg.DocumentTitle
@@ -111,13 +129,24 @@ func (v *V) Config(cfg Options) {
 	if cfg.SessionManager != nil {
 		v.sessionManager = cfg.SessionManager
 	}
-	if cfg.Datastar != nil {
-		if cfg.Datastar.Content != nil {
-			v.datastarContent = cfg.Datastar.Content
-		}
-		if cfg.Datastar.Path != "" {
-			v.datastarPath = cfg.Datastar.Path
-		}
+	if cfg.DatastarContent != nil {
+		v.datastarContent = cfg.DatastarContent
+	}
+	if cfg.DatastarPath != "" {
+		v.datastarPath = cfg.DatastarPath
+	}
+	if cfg.PubSub != nil {
+		v.defaultNATS = nil
+		v.pubsub = cfg.PubSub
+	}
+	if cfg.ContextSuspendAfter != 0 {
+		v.cfg.ContextSuspendAfter = cfg.ContextSuspendAfter
+	}
+	if cfg.ContextTTL != 0 {
+		v.cfg.ContextTTL = cfg.ContextTTL
+	}
+	if cfg.ActionRateLimit.Rate != 0 || cfg.ActionRateLimit.Burst != 0 {
+		v.actionRateLimit = cfg.ActionRateLimit
 	}
 }
 
@@ -152,8 +181,16 @@ func (v *V) AppendToFoot(elements ...h.H) {
 //		})
 //	})
 func (v *V) Page(route string, initContextFn func(c *Context)) {
+	wrapped := chainMiddleware(v.middleware, initContextFn)
+	v.page(route, initContextFn, wrapped)
+}
+
+// page registers a route with separate raw and wrapped init functions.
+// raw is used for the panic-check at registration time; wrapped includes
+// any middleware and is used as the live handler.
+func (v *V) page(route string, raw, wrapped func(*Context)) {
 	v.ensureDatastarHandler()
-	// check for panics
+	// check for panics using the raw handler (no middleware)
 	func() {
 		defer func() {
 			if err := recover(); err != nil {
@@ -162,14 +199,14 @@ func (v *V) Page(route string, initContextFn func(c *Context)) {
 			}
 		}()
 		c := newContext("", "", v)
-		initContextFn(c)
+		raw(c)
 		c.view()
 		c.stopAllRoutines()
 	}()
 
-	// save page init function allows devmode to restore persisted ctx later
+	v.pageRegistry[route] = wrapped
 	if v.cfg.DevMode {
-		v.devModePageInitFnMap[route] = initContextFn
+		v.devModePageInitFnMap[route] = wrapped
 	}
 	v.mux.HandleFunc("GET "+route, http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		v.logDebug(nil, "GET %s", r.URL.String())
@@ -183,7 +220,7 @@ func (v *V) Page(route string, initContextFn func(c *Context)) {
 		c.reqCtx = r.Context()
 		routeParams := extractParams(route, r.URL.Path)
 		c.injectRouteParams(routeParams)
-		initContextFn(c)
+		wrapped(c)
 		v.registerCtx(c)
 		if v.cfg.DevMode {
 			v.devModePersist(c)
@@ -191,10 +228,12 @@ func (v *V) Page(route string, initContextFn func(c *Context)) {
 		headElements := []h.H{h.Script(h.Type("module"), h.Src(v.datastarPath))}
 		headElements = append(headElements, v.documentHeadIncludes...)
 		headElements = append(headElements,
-			h.Meta(h.Data("signals", fmt.Sprintf("{'via-ctx':'%s'}", id))),
+			h.Meta(h.Data("signals", fmt.Sprintf("{'via-ctx':'%s','via-csrf':'%s'}", id, c.csrfToken))),
 			h.Meta(h.Data("init", "@get('/_sse')")),
 			h.Meta(h.Data("init", fmt.Sprintf(`window.addEventListener('beforeunload', (evt) => {
 			navigator.sendBeacon('/_session/close', '%s');});`, c.id))),
+			h.Meta(h.Attr("name", "view-transition"), h.Attr("content", "same-origin")),
+			h.Script(h.Raw(string(navigateJS))),
 		)
 
 		bodyElements := []h.H{c.view()}
@@ -208,8 +247,7 @@ func (v *V) Page(route string, initContextFn func(c *Context)) {
 			Title:     v.cfg.DocumentTitle,
 			Head:      headElements,
 			Body:      bodyElements,
-			HTMLAttrs: []h.H{},
-		})
+			})
 		_ = view.Render(w)
 	}))
 }
@@ -217,17 +255,17 @@ func (v *V) Page(route string, initContextFn func(c *Context)) {
 func (v *V) registerCtx(c *Context) {
 	v.contextRegistryMutex.Lock()
 	defer v.contextRegistryMutex.Unlock()
-	if c == nil {
-		v.logErr(c, "failed to add nil context to registry")
-		return
-	}
 	v.contextRegistry[c.id] = c
 	v.logDebug(c, "new context added to registry")
-	v.logDebug(nil, "number of sessions in registry: %d", v.currSessionNum())
+	v.logDebug(nil, "number of sessions in registry: %d", len(v.contextRegistry))
 }
 
-func (v *V) currSessionNum() int {
-	return len(v.contextRegistry)
+func (v *V) cleanupCtx(c *Context) {
+	c.dispose()
+	if v.cfg.DevMode {
+		v.devModeRemovePersisted(c)
+	}
+	v.unregisterCtx(c)
 }
 
 func (v *V) unregisterCtx(c *Context) {
@@ -239,7 +277,7 @@ func (v *V) unregisterCtx(c *Context) {
 	defer v.contextRegistryMutex.Unlock()
 	v.logDebug(c, "ctx removed from registry")
 	delete(v.contextRegistry, c.id)
-	v.logDebug(nil, "number of sessions in registry: %d", v.currSessionNum())
+	v.logDebug(nil, "number of sessions in registry: %d", len(v.contextRegistry))
 }
 
 func (v *V) getCtx(id string) (*Context, error) {
@@ -251,14 +289,150 @@ func (v *V) getCtx(id string) (*Context, error) {
 	return nil, fmt.Errorf("ctx '%s' not found", id)
 }
 
-// Start starts the Via HTTP server on the given address.
+func (v *V) startReaper() {
+	ttl := v.cfg.ContextTTL
+	if ttl < 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	if ttl == 0 {
+		ttl = time.Hour
+	}
+	suspendAfter := v.cfg.ContextSuspendAfter
+	if suspendAfter == 0 {
+		suspendAfter = 15 * time.Minute
+	}
+	if suspendAfter > ttl {
+		suspendAfter = ttl
+	}
+	interval := suspendAfter / 3
+	if interval < 5*time.Second {
+		interval = 5 * time.Second
+	}
+	v.reaperStop = make(chan struct{})
+	go func() {
+		ticker := time.NewTicker(interval)
+		defer ticker.Stop()
+		for {
+			select {
+			case <-v.reaperStop:
+				return
+			case <-ticker.C:
+				v.reapOrphanedContexts(suspendAfter, ttl)
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+}
+
+func (v *V) reapOrphanedContexts(suspendAfter, ttl time.Duration) {
+	now := time.Now()
+	v.contextRegistryMutex.RLock()
+	var toSuspend, toReap []*Context
+	for _, c := range v.contextRegistry {
+		if c.sseConnected.Load() {
+			continue
+		}
+		var disconnectedFor time.Duration
+		if dc := c.sseDisconnectedAt.Load(); dc != nil {
+			disconnectedFor = now.Sub(*dc)
+		} else {
+			disconnectedFor = now.Sub(c.createdAt)
+		}
+		if disconnectedFor > ttl {
+			toReap = append(toReap, c)
+		} else if disconnectedFor > suspendAfter && !c.suspended.Load() {
+			toSuspend = append(toSuspend, c)
+		}
+	}
+	v.contextRegistryMutex.RUnlock()
+
+	for _, c := range toSuspend {
+		v.logInfo(c, "suspending context (no SSE connection after %s)", suspendAfter)
+		c.suspend()
+	}
+	for _, c := range toReap {
+		v.logInfo(c, "reaping orphaned context (no SSE connection after %s)", ttl)
+		v.cleanupCtx(c)
+	}
+}
+
+// Start starts the Via HTTP server and blocks until a SIGINT or SIGTERM
+// signal is received, then performs a graceful shutdown.
 func (v *V) Start() {
-	v.logInfo(nil, "via started at [%s]", v.cfg.ServerAddress)
 	handler := http.Handler(v.mux)
 	if v.sessionManager != nil {
 		handler = v.sessionManager.LoadAndSave(v.mux)
 	}
-	log.Fatalf("[fatal] %v", http.ListenAndServe(v.cfg.ServerAddress, handler))
+	v.server = &http.Server{
+		Addr:    v.cfg.ServerAddress,
+		Handler: handler,
+	}
+
+	v.startReaper()
+
+	errCh := make(chan error, 1)
+	go func() {
+		errCh <- v.server.ListenAndServe()
+	}()
+
+	v.logInfo(nil, "via started at [%s]", v.cfg.ServerAddress)
+
+	sigCh := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
+	ossignal.Notify(sigCh, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM)
+
+	select {
+	case sig := <-sigCh:
+		v.logInfo(nil, "received signal %v, shutting down", sig)
+	case err := <-errCh:
+		if err != nil && err != http.ErrServerClosed {
+			v.logger.Fatal().Err(err).Msg("http server failed")
+		}
+		return
+	}
+
+	v.Shutdown()
+}
+
+// Shutdown gracefully shuts down the server and all contexts.
+// Safe for programmatic or test use.
+func (v *V) Shutdown() {
+	if v.reaperStop != nil {
+		close(v.reaperStop)
+	}
+	v.logInfo(nil, "draining all contexts")
+	v.drainAllContexts()
+
+	if v.server != nil {
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
+		defer cancel()
+		if err := v.server.Shutdown(ctx); err != nil {
+			v.logErr(nil, "http server shutdown error: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if v.pubsub != nil {
+		if err := v.pubsub.Close(); err != nil {
+			v.logErr(nil, "pubsub close error: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+	v.defaultNATS = nil
+
+	v.logInfo(nil, "shutdown complete")
+}
+
+func (v *V) drainAllContexts() {
+	v.contextRegistryMutex.Lock()
+	contexts := make([]*Context, 0, len(v.contextRegistry))
+	for _, c := range v.contextRegistry {
+		contexts = append(contexts, c)
+	}
+	v.contextRegistry = make(map[string]*Context)
+	v.contextRegistryMutex.Unlock()
+
+	for _, c := range contexts {
+		v.logDebug(c, "disposing context")
+		c.dispose()
+	}
+	v.logInfo(nil, "drained %d context(s)", len(contexts))
 }
 
 // HTTPServeMux returns the underlying HTTP request multiplexer to enable user extentions, middleware and
@@ -270,21 +444,64 @@ func (v *V) HTTPServeMux() *http.ServeMux {
 	return v.mux
 }
 
-func (v *V) ensureDatastarHandler() {
-	if v.datastarHandlerRegistered {
-		return
+// PubSub returns the configured PubSub backend, or nil if none is set.
+func (v *V) PubSub() PubSub {
+	return v.pubsub
+}
+
+// Static serves files from a filesystem directory at the given URL prefix.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	v.Static("/assets/", "./public")
+func (v *V) Static(urlPrefix, dir string) {
+	if !strings.HasSuffix(urlPrefix, "/") {
+		urlPrefix += "/"
 	}
-	v.datastarHandlerRegistered = true
-	v.mux.HandleFunc("GET "+v.datastarPath, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/javascript")
-		_, _ = w.Write(v.datastarContent)
+	fileServer := http.StripPrefix(urlPrefix, http.FileServer(http.Dir(dir)))
+	v.mux.Handle("GET "+urlPrefix, noDirListing(fileServer))
+}
+
+// StaticFS serves files from an [fs.FS] at the given URL prefix.
+// This is useful with //go:embed filesystems.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	//go:embed static
+//	var staticFiles embed.FS
+//	v.StaticFS("/assets/", staticFiles)
+func (v *V) StaticFS(urlPrefix string, fsys fs.FS) {
+	if !strings.HasSuffix(urlPrefix, "/") {
+		urlPrefix += "/"
+	}
+	fileServer := http.StripPrefix(urlPrefix, http.FileServerFS(fsys))
+	v.mux.Handle("GET "+urlPrefix, noDirListing(fileServer))
+}
+
+// noDirListing wraps a file server handler to return 404 for directory requests.
+func noDirListing(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
+	return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		if strings.HasSuffix(r.URL.Path, "/") {
+			http.NotFound(w, r)
+			return
+		}
+		next.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+	})
+}
+
+func (v *V) ensureDatastarHandler() {
+	v.datastarOnce.Do(func() {
+		v.mux.HandleFunc("GET "+v.datastarPath, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+			w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/javascript")
+			_, _ = w.Write(v.datastarContent)
+		})
 	})
 }
 
 func (v *V) devModePersist(c *Context) {
 	p := filepath.Join(".via", "devmode", "ctx.json")
 	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(p), 0755); err != nil {
-		log.Fatalf("failed to create directory for devmode files: %v", err)
+		v.logFatal("failed to create directory for devmode files: %v", err)
 	}
 
 	// load persisted list from file, or empty list if file not found
@@ -326,10 +543,7 @@ func (v *V) devModeRemovePersisted(c *Context) {
 	}
 	file.Close()
 
-	// remove ctx to persisted list
-	if _, ok := ctxRegMap[c.id]; !ok {
-		delete(ctxRegMap, c.id)
-	}
+	delete(ctxRegMap, c.id)
 
 	// write persisted list to file
 	file, err = os.Create(p)
@@ -381,6 +595,7 @@ type patchType int
 
 const (
 	patchTypeElements = iota
+	patchTypeElementsWithVT
 	patchTypeSignals
 	patchTypeScript
 	patchTypeRedirect
@@ -398,24 +613,21 @@ func New() *V {
 
 	v := &V{
 		mux:                  mux,
+		logger:               newConsoleLogger(zerolog.InfoLevel),
 		contextRegistry:      make(map[string]*Context),
 		devModePageInitFnMap: make(map[string]func(*Context)),
+		pageRegistry:         make(map[string]func(*Context)),
 		sessionManager:       scs.New(),
 		datastarPath:         "/_datastar.js",
 		datastarContent:      datastarJS,
 		cfg: Options{
 			DevMode:       false,
 			ServerAddress: ":3000",
-			LogLvl:        LogLevelInfo,
 			DocumentTitle: "⚡ Via",
 		},
 	}
 
 	v.mux.HandleFunc("GET /_sse", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		isReconnect := false
-		if r.Header.Get("last-event-id") == "via" {
-			isReconnect = true
-		}
 		var sigs map[string]any
 		_ = datastar.ReadSignals(r, &sigs)
 		cID, _ := sigs["via-ctx"].(string)
@@ -427,7 +639,9 @@ func New() *V {
 		}
 		c, err := v.getCtx(cID)
 		if err != nil {
-			v.logErr(nil, "sse stream failed to start: %v", err)
+			v.logInfo(nil, "context expired, reloading client: %s", cID)
+			sse := datastar.NewSSE(w, r)
+			sse.ExecuteScript("window.location.reload()")
 			return
 		}
 		c.reqCtx = r.Context()
@@ -437,33 +651,58 @@ func New() *V {
 		// use last-event-id to tell if request is a sse reconnect
 		sse.Send(datastar.EventTypePatchElements, []string{}, datastar.WithSSEEventId("via"))
 
+		// Drain stale patches on reconnect so the client gets fresh state
+		if c.sseDisconnectedAt.Load() != nil {
+			for {
+				select {
+				case <-c.patchChan:
+				default:
+					goto drained
+				}
+			}
+		drained:
+		}
+		c.sseConnected.Store(true)
+		c.sseDisconnectedAt.Store(nil)
 		v.logDebug(c, "SSE connection established")
 
-		go func() {
-			if isReconnect || v.cfg.DevMode {
-				c.Sync()
-				return
+		if c.suspended.Load() {
+			c.navMu.Lock()
+			c.suspended.Store(false)
+			if initFn := v.pageRegistry[c.route]; initFn != nil {
+				v.logInfo(c, "resuming suspended context")
+				initFn(c)
 			}
-			c.SyncSignals()
-		}()
+			c.navMu.Unlock()
+		}
+
+		go c.Sync()
 
 		for {
 			select {
 			case <-sse.Context().Done():
 				v.logDebug(c, "SSE connection ended")
+				c.sseConnected.Store(false)
+				now := time.Now()
+				c.sseDisconnectedAt.Store(&now)
 				return
-			case patch, ok := <-c.patchChan:
-				if !ok {
-					continue
-				}
+			case <-c.ctxDisposedChan:
+				v.logDebug(c, "context disposed, closing SSE")
+				return
+			case patch := <-c.patchChan:
 				switch patch.typ {
 				case patchTypeElements:
 					if err := sse.PatchElements(patch.content); err != nil {
-						// Only log if connection wasn't closed (avoids noise during shutdown/tests)
 						if sse.Context().Err() == nil {
 							v.logErr(c, "PatchElements failed: %v", err)
 						}
 					}
+				case patchTypeElementsWithVT:
+					if err := sse.PatchElements(patch.content, datastar.WithViewTransitions()); err != nil {
+						if sse.Context().Err() == nil {
+							v.logErr(c, "PatchElements (view transition) failed: %v", err)
+						}
+					}
 				case patchTypeSignals:
 					if err := sse.PatchSignals([]byte(patch.content)); err != nil {
 						if sse.Context().Err() == nil {
@@ -506,13 +745,29 @@ func New() *V {
 			v.logErr(nil, "action '%s' failed: %v", actionID, err)
 			return
 		}
+		csrfToken, _ := sigs["via-csrf"].(string)
+		if subtle.ConstantTimeCompare([]byte(csrfToken), []byte(c.csrfToken)) != 1 {
+			v.logWarn(c, "action '%s' rejected: invalid CSRF token", actionID)
+			http.Error(w, "invalid CSRF token", http.StatusForbidden)
+			return
+		}
+		if c.actionLimiter != nil && !c.actionLimiter.Allow() {
+			v.logWarn(c, "action '%s' rate limited", actionID)
+			http.Error(w, "rate limited", http.StatusTooManyRequests)
+			return
+		}
 		c.reqCtx = r.Context()
-		actionFn, err := c.getActionFn(actionID)
+		entry, err := c.getAction(actionID)
 		if err != nil {
 			v.logDebug(c, "action '%s' failed: %v", actionID, err)
 			return
 		}
-		// log err if actionFn panics
+		if entry.limiter != nil && !entry.limiter.Allow() {
+			v.logWarn(c, "action '%s' rate limited (per-action)", actionID)
+			http.Error(w, "rate limited", http.StatusTooManyRequests)
+			return
+		}
+		// log err if action panics
 		defer func() {
 			if r := recover(); r != nil {
 				v.logErr(c, "action '%s' failed: %v", actionID, r)
@@ -520,13 +775,50 @@ func New() *V {
 		}()
 
 		c.injectSignals(sigs)
-		actionFn()
+		if len(entry.middleware) > 0 {
+			chainMiddleware(entry.middleware, func(_ *Context) { entry.fn() })(c)
+		} else {
+			entry.fn()
+		}
+	})
+
+	v.mux.HandleFunc("POST /_navigate", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		_ = r.ParseForm()
+		cID := r.FormValue("via-ctx")
+		csrfToken := r.FormValue("via-csrf")
+		navURL := r.FormValue("url")
+		popstate := r.FormValue("popstate") == "1"
+
+		if cID == "" || navURL == "" || !strings.HasPrefix(navURL, "/") {
+			http.Error(w, "missing or invalid parameters", http.StatusBadRequest)
+			return
+		}
+		c, err := v.getCtx(cID)
+		if err != nil {
+			v.logErr(nil, "navigate failed: %v", err)
+			http.Error(w, "context not found", http.StatusNotFound)
+			return
+		}
+		if subtle.ConstantTimeCompare([]byte(csrfToken), []byte(c.csrfToken)) != 1 {
+			v.logWarn(c, "navigate rejected: invalid CSRF token")
+			http.Error(w, "invalid CSRF token", http.StatusForbidden)
+			return
+		}
+		if c.actionLimiter != nil && !c.actionLimiter.Allow() {
+			v.logWarn(c, "navigate rate limited")
+			http.Error(w, "rate limited", http.StatusTooManyRequests)
+			return
+		}
+		c.reqCtx = r.Context()
+		v.logDebug(c, "SPA navigate to %s", navURL)
+		c.Navigate(navURL, popstate)
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
 	})
 
 	v.mux.HandleFunc("POST /_session/close", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		body, err := io.ReadAll(r.Body)
 		if err != nil {
-			log.Printf("Error reading body: %v", err)
+			v.logErr(nil, "error reading body: %v", err)
 			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest)
 			return
 		}
@@ -537,20 +829,31 @@ func New() *V {
 			v.logErr(c, "failed to handle session close: %v", err)
 			return
 		}
-		c.stopAllRoutines()
 		v.logDebug(c, "session close event triggered")
-		if v.cfg.DevMode {
-			v.devModeRemovePersisted(c)
-		}
-		v.unregisterCtx(c)
+		v.cleanupCtx(c)
 	})
+
+	dn, err := getSharedNATS()
+	if err != nil {
+		v.logWarn(nil, "embedded NATS unavailable: %v", err)
+	} else {
+		v.defaultNATS = dn
+		v.pubsub = &natsRef{dn: dn}
+	}
+
 	return v
 }
 
 func genRandID() string {
+	b := make([]byte, 4)
+	rand.Read(b)
+	return hex.EncodeToString(b)
+}
+
+func genCSRFToken() string {
 	b := make([]byte, 16)
 	rand.Read(b)
-	return hex.EncodeToString(b)[:8]
+	return hex.EncodeToString(b)
 }
 
 func extractParams(pattern, path string) map[string]string {
@@ -565,8 +868,24 @@ func extractParams(pattern, path string) map[string]string {
 			key := p[i][1 : len(p[i])-1] // remove {}
 			params[key] = u[i]
 		} else if p[i] != u[i] {
-			continue
+			return nil
 		}
 	}
 	return params
 }
+
+// matchRoute finds the registered page init function and extracted params for the given path.
+func (v *V) matchRoute(path string) (route string, initFn func(*Context), params map[string]string) {
+	for pattern, fn := range v.pageRegistry {
+		if p := extractParams(pattern, path); p != nil {
+			return pattern, fn, p
+		}
+	}
+	return "", nil, nil
+}
+
+// Layout sets a layout function that wraps every page's view.
+// The layout receives the page content as a function and returns the full view.
+func (v *V) Layout(f func(func() h.H) h.H) {
+	v.layout = f
+}

via_test.go

@@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
 package via
 
 import (
+	"encoding/json"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"testing"
+	"time"
 
-	"github.com/go-via/via/h"
+	"github.com/ryanhamamura/via/h"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 )
 
@@ -45,9 +49,7 @@ func TestCustomDatastarContent(t *testing.T) {
 	customScript := []byte("// Custom Datastar Script")
 	v := New()
 	v.Config(Options{
-		Datastar: &DatastarConfig{
-			Content: customScript,
-		},
+		DatastarContent: customScript,
 	})
 	v.Page("/", func(c *Context) {
 		c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div() })
@@ -65,9 +67,7 @@ func TestCustomDatastarContent(t *testing.T) {
 func TestCustomDatastarPath(t *testing.T) {
 	v := New()
 	v.Config(Options{
-		Datastar: &DatastarConfig{
-			Path: "/assets/datastar.js",
-		},
+		DatastarPath: "/assets/datastar.js",
 	})
 	v.Page("/test", func(c *Context) {
 		c.View(func() h.H { return h.Div() })
@@ -132,6 +132,155 @@ func TestAction(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Contains(t, body, "/_action/")
 }
 
+func TestEventTypes(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		attr     string
+		buildEl  func(trigger *actionTrigger) h.H
+	}{
+		{"OnSubmit", "data-on:submit", func(tr *actionTrigger) h.H { return h.Form(tr.OnSubmit()) }},
+		{"OnInput", "data-on:input", func(tr *actionTrigger) h.H { return h.Input(tr.OnInput()) }},
+		{"OnFocus", "data-on:focus", func(tr *actionTrigger) h.H { return h.Input(tr.OnFocus()) }},
+		{"OnBlur", "data-on:blur", func(tr *actionTrigger) h.H { return h.Input(tr.OnBlur()) }},
+		{"OnMouseEnter", "data-on:mouseenter", func(tr *actionTrigger) h.H { return h.Div(tr.OnMouseEnter()) }},
+		{"OnMouseLeave", "data-on:mouseleave", func(tr *actionTrigger) h.H { return h.Div(tr.OnMouseLeave()) }},
+		{"OnScroll", "data-on:scroll", func(tr *actionTrigger) h.H { return h.Div(tr.OnScroll()) }},
+		{"OnDblClick", "data-on:dblclick", func(tr *actionTrigger) h.H { return h.Div(tr.OnDblClick()) }},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			var trigger *actionTrigger
+			v := New()
+			v.Page("/", func(c *Context) {
+				trigger = c.Action(func() {})
+				c.View(func() h.H { return tt.buildEl(trigger) })
+			})
+
+			req := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/", nil)
+			w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+			v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+			body := w.Body.String()
+			assert.Contains(t, body, tt.attr)
+			assert.Contains(t, body, "/_action/"+trigger.id)
+		})
+	}
+
+	t.Run("WithSignal", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var trigger *actionTrigger
+		var sig *signal
+		v := New()
+		v.Page("/", func(c *Context) {
+			trigger = c.Action(func() {})
+			sig = c.Signal("val")
+			c.View(func() h.H {
+				return h.Div(trigger.OnDblClick(WithSignal(sig, "x")))
+			})
+		})
+
+		req := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/", nil)
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+		body := w.Body.String()
+		assert.Contains(t, body, "data-on:dblclick")
+		assert.Contains(t, body, "$"+sig.ID()+"='x'")
+	})
+}
+
+func TestOnKeyDownWithWindow(t *testing.T) {
+	var trigger *actionTrigger
+	v := New()
+	v.Page("/", func(c *Context) {
+		trigger = c.Action(func() {})
+		c.View(func() h.H {
+			return h.Div(trigger.OnKeyDown("Enter", WithWindow()))
+		})
+	})
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/", nil)
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+	body := w.Body.String()
+	assert.Contains(t, body, "data-on:keydown__window")
+	assert.Contains(t, body, "evt.key==='Enter'")
+}
+
+func TestOnKeyDownMap(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("multiple bindings with different actions", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var move, shoot *actionTrigger
+		var dir *signal
+		v := New()
+		v.Page("/", func(c *Context) {
+			dir = c.Signal("none")
+			move = c.Action(func() {})
+			shoot = c.Action(func() {})
+			c.View(func() h.H {
+				return h.Div(
+					OnKeyDownMap(
+						KeyBind("w", move, WithSignal(dir, "up")),
+						KeyBind("ArrowUp", move, WithSignal(dir, "up"), WithPreventDefault()),
+						KeyBind(" ", shoot, WithPreventDefault()),
+					),
+				)
+			})
+		})
+
+		req := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/", nil)
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+		body := w.Body.String()
+
+		// Single attribute, window-scoped
+		assert.Contains(t, body, "data-on:keydown__window")
+
+		// Key dispatching
+		assert.Contains(t, body, "evt.key==='w'")
+		assert.Contains(t, body, "evt.key==='ArrowUp'")
+		assert.Contains(t, body, "evt.key===' '")
+
+		// Different actions referenced
+		assert.Contains(t, body, "/_action/"+move.id)
+		assert.Contains(t, body, "/_action/"+shoot.id)
+
+		// preventDefault only on ArrowUp and space branches
+		assert.Contains(t, body, "evt.key==='ArrowUp' ? (evt.preventDefault()")
+		assert.Contains(t, body, "evt.key===' ' ? (evt.preventDefault()")
+
+		// 'w' branch should NOT have preventDefault
+		assert.NotContains(t, body, "evt.key==='w' ? (evt.preventDefault()")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("WithSignal per binding", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var move *actionTrigger
+		var dir *signal
+		v := New()
+		v.Page("/", func(c *Context) {
+			dir = c.Signal("none")
+			move = c.Action(func() {})
+			c.View(func() h.H {
+				return h.Div(
+					OnKeyDownMap(
+						KeyBind("w", move, WithSignal(dir, "up")),
+						KeyBind("s", move, WithSignal(dir, "down")),
+					),
+				)
+			})
+		})
+
+		req := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/", nil)
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		v.mux.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+		body := w.Body.String()
+
+		assert.Contains(t, body, "$"+dir.ID()+"='up'")
+		assert.Contains(t, body, "$"+dir.ID()+"='down'")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("empty bindings returns nil", func(t *testing.T) {
+		result := OnKeyDownMap()
+		assert.Nil(t, result)
+	})
+}
+
 func TestConfig(t *testing.T) {
 	v := New()
 	v.Config(Options{DocumentTitle: "Test"})
@@ -144,3 +293,144 @@ func TestPage_PanicsOnNoView(t *testing.T) {
 		v.Page("/", func(c *Context) {})
 	})
 }
+
+func TestReaperCleansOrphanedContexts(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	c := newContext("orphan-1", "/", v)
+	c.createdAt = time.Now().Add(-time.Minute) // created 1 min ago
+	v.registerCtx(c)
+
+	_, err := v.getCtx("orphan-1")
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	v.reapOrphanedContexts(5*time.Second, 10*time.Second)
+
+	_, err = v.getCtx("orphan-1")
+	assert.Error(t, err, "orphaned context should have been reaped")
+}
+
+func TestReaperSuspendsContext(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	c := newContext("suspend-1", "/", v)
+	dc := time.Now().Add(-20 * time.Minute)
+	c.sseDisconnectedAt.Store(&dc)
+	v.registerCtx(c)
+
+	v.reapOrphanedContexts(15*time.Minute, time.Hour)
+
+	got, err := v.getCtx("suspend-1")
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "suspended context should still be in registry")
+	assert.True(t, got.suspended.Load(), "context should be marked suspended")
+}
+
+func TestReaperReapsAfterTTL(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	c := newContext("reap-1", "/", v)
+	dc := time.Now().Add(-2 * time.Hour)
+	c.sseDisconnectedAt.Store(&dc)
+	c.suspended.Store(true)
+	v.registerCtx(c)
+
+	v.reapOrphanedContexts(15*time.Minute, time.Hour)
+
+	_, err := v.getCtx("reap-1")
+	assert.Error(t, err, "context past TTL should have been reaped")
+}
+
+func TestReaperIgnoresAlreadySuspended(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	c := newContext("already-sus-1", "/", v)
+	dc := time.Now().Add(-20 * time.Minute)
+	c.sseDisconnectedAt.Store(&dc)
+	c.suspended.Store(true)
+	// give it a fresh pageStopChan so we can verify it's not re-closed
+	c.pageStopChan = make(chan struct{})
+	v.registerCtx(c)
+
+	v.reapOrphanedContexts(15*time.Minute, time.Hour)
+
+	got, err := v.getCtx("already-sus-1")
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "already-suspended context within TTL should survive")
+	assert.True(t, got.suspended.Load())
+	// pageStopChan should still be open (not re-suspended)
+	select {
+	case <-got.pageStopChan:
+		t.Fatal("pageStopChan was closed — context was re-suspended")
+	default:
+	}
+}
+
+func TestReaperIgnoresConnectedContexts(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	c := newContext("connected-1", "/", v)
+	c.createdAt = time.Now().Add(-time.Minute)
+	c.sseConnected.Store(true)
+	v.registerCtx(c)
+
+	v.reapOrphanedContexts(5*time.Second, 10*time.Second)
+
+	_, err := v.getCtx("connected-1")
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "connected context should survive reaping")
+}
+
+func TestReaperDisabledWithNegativeTTL(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	v.cfg.ContextTTL = -1
+	v.startReaper()
+	assert.Nil(t, v.reaperStop, "reaper should not start with negative TTL")
+}
+
+func TestCleanupCtxIdempotent(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	c := newContext("idempotent-1", "/", v)
+	v.registerCtx(c)
+
+	assert.NotPanics(t, func() {
+		v.cleanupCtx(c)
+		v.cleanupCtx(c)
+	})
+
+	_, err := v.getCtx("idempotent-1")
+	assert.Error(t, err, "context should be removed after cleanup")
+}
+
+func TestDevModeRemovePersistedFix(t *testing.T) {
+	v := New()
+	v.cfg.DevMode = true
+
+	dir := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), ".via", "devmode")
+	p := filepath.Join(dir, "ctx.json")
+	assert.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(dir, 0755))
+
+	// Write a persisted context
+	ctxRegMap := map[string]string{"test-ctx-1": "/"}
+	f, err := os.Create(p)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.NoError(t, json.NewEncoder(f).Encode(ctxRegMap))
+	f.Close()
+
+	// Patch devModeRemovePersisted to use our temp path by calling it
+	// directly — we need to override the path. Instead, test via the
+	// actual function by temporarily changing the working dir.
+	origDir, _ := os.Getwd()
+	assert.NoError(t, os.Chdir(t.TempDir()))
+	defer os.Chdir(origDir)
+
+	// Re-create the structure in the temp dir
+	assert.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(".via", "devmode"), 0755))
+	p2 := filepath.Join(".via", "devmode", "ctx.json")
+	f2, _ := os.Create(p2)
+	json.NewEncoder(f2).Encode(map[string]string{"test-ctx-1": "/"})
+	f2.Close()
+
+	c := newContext("test-ctx-1", "/", v)
+	v.devModeRemovePersisted(c)
+
+	// Read back and verify
+	f3, err := os.Open(p2)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	defer f3.Close()
+	var result map[string]string
+	assert.NoError(t, json.NewDecoder(f3).Decode(&result))
+	assert.Empty(t, result, "persisted context should be removed")
+}